irony is a mysterious communicative language between writer and reader and among its beauties, brevity and oddity and duality of meaning can be referred to. so it is considered as one of the best means of interpretation in an indirect way to reform society. this article elaborates on irony in terms of language and terminology with emphasis on the most important available works in this area. the...

Mohaddeseh Seddighi was born in Rasht, Guilan, I. R. Iran (1985). She received B.Sc. in applied chemistry from Isfahan University of Technology (IUT) (2007) and his M.Sc. in organic chemistry from Isfahan University of Technology (2010) under the direction of Professor Abdol. R. Hajipour. She began her Ph.D. studies at University of Guilan under supervision of Professor Farhad Shirini from 2011...

Mohaddeseh Seddighi was born in Rasht, Guilan, I. R. Iran (1985). She received B.Sc. in applied chemistry from Isfahan University of Technology (IUT) (2007) and his M.Sc. in organic chemistry from Isfahan University of Technology (2010) under the direction of Professor Abdol. R. Hajipour. She began her Ph.D. studies at University of Guilan under supervision of Professor Farhad Shirini from 2011...

nezami aruzi is the first author articulating ferdowsi's life in chāhar-maghāle. among his findings, he gives an account of ferdowsi’s life which was related by amir moazi (in 514 a.h.) and abdol-alrazagh before him. although this significant account which includes the best events of ferdowsi's later life has been considered in recent researches, it has not been criticized in detail. this artic...

mohaddeseh seddighi was born in rasht, guilan, i. r. iran (1985). she received b.sc. in applied chemistry from isfahan university of technology (iut) (2007) and his m.sc. in organic chemistry from isfahan university of technology (2010) under the direction of professor abdol. r. hajipour. she began her ph.d. studies at university of guilan under supervision of professor farhad shirini from 2011...

Introduction There is no single test as a gold standard for the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis (AR). This study was to assess the usefulness and validity of nasal smear as a quick, easy and inexpensive diagnostic method for diagnosis of allergic rhinitis. Mehdi Bakhshaee. MD Assistant professor of otorhinolaryngology, Membership of ear, nose, throat, head and neck surgery and related sciences r...

a doctrine which has played a significant role in the beliefs of the jews, the christians and the moslems is the issue of the garden of eden and the renowned tree in it (one tree in islam, and two trees in the judaism and christianity, i.e. the tree of life and the tree of knowledge). this essay deals with a comparative study of the forbidden tree in judaism and islam, and for this sake we have...

 Pasteur Institute of Iran (PII) is known for its history of benefaction by exquisite characters, the most prominent of who is the family of Farman Farmaian. Dr. Sabar Mirza Farman Farmaian, born in 1912 in Tehran, resided as the director of PII for a period of six years (1971-1977). Furthermore, he devoted his house (located in Shemiranat) for the establishment of a center to study and c...

i had an opportunity to translate the two most famous letters of imam ‘alī (a.s.) in nahj al-balāghah (peak of eloquence), the famous collection of the preaching and letters of imam ‘alī and one of the most sacred books of shia islam after the qur‘an, from arabic into japanese. one of them is his letter to imam ḥasan, his eldest son and the second imam, and the other is an appointment letter to...