The antioxidant activities of astaxanthin and related carotenoids have been measured by employing a newly developed fluorometric assay. This assay is based on 4,4-difluoro-3,5-bis(4-phenyl-1, 3-butadienyl)-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY 665/676) as an indicator; 2,2'-azobis-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile (AMVN) as a peroxyl radical generator; and 6-hydroxy-2,5,7, 8-tetramethylchroman-2-carbox...

Free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated in contributing to the processes of aging and disease. In an effort to combat free radical activity, scientists are studying the effects of increasing individuals' antioxidant levels through diet and dietary supplements. Honey appears to act as an antioxidant in more ways than one. In the body, honey can mop up free radicals a...

[reaction: see text] Alpha-tocopherol (alpha-TOH), the main oil component making up vitamin E, and its nonnatural solid 6-hydroxy-2,2,5,7,8-pentamethylchroman and 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid structurally related analogues were oxidized quantitatively with 2 mol equiv of NO+ SbF6(-) in CH3CN at 233 K to form phenoxonium cations (alpha-TO+ SbF6(-)) in a chemically rever...

Flutamide (FLU) is a competitive antagonist of the androgen receptor which has been reported to induce severe liver injury in some patients. Several experimental models suggested that an episode of inflammation during drug treatment predisposes animals to tissue injury. The molecular cytotoxic mechanisms of FLU in isolated rat hepatocytes using an in vitro oxidative stress inflammation system w...

The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of three weeks of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) training on oxidative stress markers and endurance performance in young soccer players. Participants (18.6 ± 1.6 years) were randomized into hyperbaric-hyperoxic (HH) training (n = 6) and normobaric normoxic (NN) training (n = 6) groups. Immediately before and after the 5th, 10th, and 15th train...

A natural diastereomeric mixture of 5-(6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-chroman2-yl)-2-methyl-pentanoic acid methyl ester (1), was isolated from the soft coral Sinularia arborea. The structure of 1 was elucidated by spectroscopic methods and 1 displayed a significantly inhibitory effect on the generation of superoxide anion by human neutrophils.

This study aimed to synthesize quinolinone derivatives and investigate their cytotoxic activity. The compound 1-azacoumarin-3-carboxylic acid (2-oxo-1H-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid) was obtained via the cyclocondensation of 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde with diethyl malonate in base catalyst give ethyl coumarin-3-carboxylate, followed by ammonolysis ester (ethyl coumarin-3-carboxylate) ammonia presence ...

Chemical investigations of a microfungus Xylaria sp. isolated from the Australian rainforest tree Glochidion ferdinandi have afforded two new natural products, 2-hydroxy-6-methyl-8-methoxy-9-oxo-9H-xanthene-1-carboxylic acid (1) and 2-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-8-methoxy-9-oxo-9H-xanthene-1-carboxylic acid (2). Compound 1 has previously been synthesised but only partially characterised. Methylatio...

We previously found that 2,7,8-trimethyl-2(2'-carboxyethyl)-6-hydroxychroman (γCEHC), a metabolite of the vitamin E isoforms γ-tocopherol or γ-tocotrienol, accumulated in the rat small intestine. The aim of this study was to evaluate tissue distribution of vitamin E metabolites. A single dose of α-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol or a tocotrienol mixture containing α- and γ-tocotrienol was orally admin...