In neurons and myocytes, voltage-gated Na (NaV) channels initiate membrane excitation. Shortly thereafter, fast inactivation diminishes the Na current, which allows K efflux to return the membrane to its resting potential. Inactivation kinetics cannot be described by a single time constant, but instead require a collection of relaxations whose time domains span from milliseconds to minutes (Sil...

Many biological functions require two or more enzymes working together in cascades. While many examples of protein and RNA enzyme cascades are known, few enzyme cascades containing solely DNAzymes have been reported. Herein we demonstrate the combination of an 8–17 DNAzyme with RNA cleavage activity and an E47 DNAzyme with DNA ligation activity to achieve a new function of single ribonucleotide...

Environmental economics, which analyses the links between economic activity and environmental systems, has hypothesized that a relation which may be described as an ‘inverted U’ exists between environmental quality/pollution and pro capite income variables (Kuznets hypothesis; Kuznets, 1955). According to this hypothesis, when income begins to grow, starting from a low level, the environmental ...

Student Member, Institute of Industrial Engineers. E-mail: [email protected]. Telephone: (404) 8229746. Fax: (404) 894-2301. E-mail: [email protected]. Telephone: (404) 894-2361. Fax: (404) 894-2301. Member, Institute of Industrial Engineers. E-mail: [email protected]. Telephone: (404) 894-2365. Fax: (404) 894-2301. Member, Institute of Industrial Engineers, and corresponding author. E-mail:...

A new phytotoxicity test method based on root elongation of three Lemna species (Lemna gibba, L. minor, and L. paucicostata) has been developed. Tests with aquatic plants have, typically, favored measurements on fronds (e.g. frond number, area, biomass) rather than on roots, due, in part, to issues associated with handling fragile roots and the time-consuming procedures of selecting roots with ...

terms and conditions of current drinking water quality standards, including reducing the maximum arsenic concentration from 50 μgl-1 to 10 μgl-1 and predicted stricter standards in future, reveals the necessity for development of new technologies. this study aimed to prepare and evaluate a new nanocomposite membrane using graphene oxide (go) thin layer to remove arsenic (v) from water. to fabri...

Surface concentrations of particulate organic carbon (POC) in shallow inland lakes were estimated using MODIS Aqua data. A power regression model of the direct empirical relationship between POC and the atmospherically Rayleigh-corrected MODIS product (Rrc,645Rrc,1240)/(Rrc,859-Rrc,1240) was developed (R 2 = 0.72, RMSE= 35.86 μgL, p< 0.0001, N = 47) and validated (RMSE= 44.46 μgL, N= 16) with f...