The thiazolidinediones pioglitazone and rosiglitazone were introduced into global markets in 1999–2000; we now have over 10 years of experience with them. The safety issues that it was fashionable to focus on at that time were abnormalities of liver function as a result of the rare but serious side effects of troglitazone, the thiazolidinedione then on the market. This turned out to be irrelave...

Rosiglitazone and pioglitazone are thiazolidinediones used for treatment of noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. These compounds, along with troglitazone, were evaluated for the ability to induce cytochrome P450 enzymes (P450) in primary human hepatocyte cultures and to inhibit P450 in human microsomes. In induction studies, all three thiazolidinediones caused a dose-dependent increase in CY...

Thiazolidinediones or glitazones specifically target insulin resistance. They have proven efficacy for reducing plasma glucose levels of type 2 diabetic patients treated with diet alone, sulphonylureas, metformin or insulin. In addition, they may be associated to some improvement of cardiovascular risk profile. However, troglitazone, the first compound approved by the FDA in the US, proved to b...

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved thiazolidinediones pioglitazone and rosiglitazone are peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) agonists developed to control serum glucose in patients with diabetes. They have been found to reduce proteinuria and microalbuminuria in both diabetic nephropathy and nondiabetic glomerulosclerosis. We hypothesized that the renal protective e...

The thiazolidinediones exert their insulin sensitising effect by binding to the nuclear receptors (transcription factors) peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) γ and, to varying degrees, to PPARα. Several different genes are activated by thiazolidinediones, many of which contribute to the increase in insulin sensitivity (eg. an increase in glucose uptake and utilisation, a decrease ...

BACKGROUND Thiazolidinediones are oral diabetes medications that selectively activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and have potent anti-inflammatory properties. While a few studies have found improvements in pulmonary function with exposure to thiazolidinediones, there are no studies of their impact on asthma exacerbations. Our objective was to assess whether exposure to thi...