A foundational concept in modern machine learning is to construct models from data by balancing the complexity of the model with the discrepancy between the model and the data. Therefore, one of the main concerns is to define meaningful ways to quantify complexity and discrepancy. To formulate an abstract framework, consider a class F of models, endowed with a set of operations on its elements....

The author uses a new modification of Jacobi-Perron Algorithm which holds for complex fields of any degree (abbr. ACF), and defines it as Generalized Euclidean Algorithm (abbr. GEA) to approximate irrationals. This paper deals with approximation of irrationals of degree n 2,3,5. Though approximations of these irrationals in a variety of patterns are known, the results are new and practical, sin...

Fatal Flaws by Jay Ingram, the Canadian author, writer and broadcaster, is the latest popular science book on transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. Unlike previous books—such as Deadly feasts by Richard Rhodes, The pathological protein by Philip Yam, Comment les vaches sont devenues folles by Maxime Schwartz, The family that couldn’t sleep by Daniel Max and The collectors of lost souls by ...

THE DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS, FOURTH EDITION (DSM-IV) DEFINES PRIMARY INSOMNIA AS A COMPLAINT OF DIFFICULTY initiating and/or maintaining sleep or of nonrestorative sleep lasting for at least 1 month.1 The revised version of the International Classification of Sleep Disorders, Revised (ICSD-R) uses the term psychophysiologic insomnia and regards insomnia of 6 months...

The quail raising in Brazil has increased through the last years and the incubation procedures are important to maintenance and improvement of quail egg production. To obtain a sufficient number of eggs to fill an incubator, eggs are usually accumulated in storage over a period from 1 day up to 3 weeks before incubation. The objective of this research was to verify the effect of egg storage on ...

Maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy is associated with increased risk of perinatal morbidity and mortality. However, the mechanisms underlying adverse birth outcomes following prenatal exposure to cigarette smoke remain unknown due, in part, to the absence or unreliability of information regarding maternal cigarette smoke exposure during pregnancy. Our goal was to determine if placental...

We’ve hit the big three theorems of vector calculus: Green’s, Stokes’, and the Divergence Theorem (although Green’s theorem is really a pretty obvious special case of Stokes’ theorem). But it’s an amazing fact that all of these theorems are really special cases of an even larger theorem that unifies all that we’ve studied so far. This new theory also extends what we’ve done to spaces of arbitra...

305 The Rockefeller University Press $30.00 J. Cell Biol. Vol. 216 No. 2 305–315 https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201610042 Introduction Tissue physical properties depend on the cells that make the tissue and also seem to be affected by tissue use. For example, muscle, cartilage, and bone, when suitably exercised, generate or resist mechanical forces that can be many times the weights of these tissu...