Anesthetics are often used to immobilise fishes in research. Many chemicals have been tested in anesthetisation of fishes and each chemical has its own merits and demerits. In the present study, four anesthetics namely, 2-phenoxyethanol, quinaldine, MS-222, and benzocaine were selected to test the efficiency in anesthetisation of common carp Cyprinus carpia. Results indicated that the induction...

A novel stability-indicating RP-HPLC method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of clindamycin phosphate (hydrophilic), adapalene (hydro-phobic), phenoxyethanol, and methylparaben in topical gel formulations. Optimum chromatographic separation among the analytes and stress-induced degradants peaks was achieved on the XBridge C18 (50 × 4.6 mm, 3.5 µm) column using a mobile phase consis...

Syntheses of several diorganodiselenides and, in particular, a seven-membered cyclic seleninate ester derived from 2-phenoxyethanol are described. The seleninate ester was obtained from allyl (2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl) selenide through a series of oxidation and [2,3] sigmatropic rearrangement steps. The ester exhibits good GPx-like activity in the coupled reductase assay.

Self-Assessment 1 7. Pigmented cosmetic dermatitis is associated historically with Japanese women using which chemical? A. Jasmine absolute B. Sandalwood oil C. Ylang-ylang oil D. All of the above E. None of the above 8. Which chemical is considered an endocannabinoid? A. Anandamide B. Dronabinol C. HU-210 D. Nabilone E. Tetrahydrocannabinol 9. Which cannabinoid has an “entourage” effect, augme...

The South African Association for Marine Biological Research, incorporating Sea World, Oceanographic Research Institute and the Dolphinarium relocated from their old premises of 46 years on Durban’s beach front in March and April 2004 to the new Point Development’s marine theme park, uShaka Marine World in Durban, South Africa. Netting of fishes from the large exhibits could cause physical dama...

Tartary buckwheat is a healthy grain rich in nutrients and medicinal ingredients consequently commonly used for Huangjiu brewing. In order to reveal the correlation between microbial succession higher alcohols production, this study, fermentation was conducted using as raw material wheat Qu starter culture. Microbial community dynamics analysis indicated that bacterial diversity initially decre...

Urine-grown cultures of 23 clinical isolates of Gram-negative bacteria having a range of minimum inhibitory concentration values for chorhexidine were challenged with various concentrations of this antiseptic. The results suggest that cells of Providencia stuartii, in particular, exhibit a considerable degree of resistance to chlorhexidine under these conditions, concentrations of up to 10 000-...

A new biphasic organic solvent, phenoxyethanol-maleic acid, was carried out to pretreat and fractionate vinegar residue into glucan, xylan lignin under mild conditions. Additional effects of key factors, temperature phenoxyethanol concentration, on residue, were evaluated. Under the system (0.5% maleic 60% phenoxyethanol), 140 °C cooking for 1 h, 80.91% cellulose retention in solid 75.44% hemic...