Background: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is caused by cell-mediated autoimmune attack on pancreatic beta-cells. Previous studies highlight the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the pathogenesis of T1D. MiRNAs are small non-coding RNAs involved in the regulation of gene expression post-transcriptionally. In this work, miR-18b was chosen and the differential expression of it was measured between T1D patient...

Changes in assessment methodology: Assessment of squids is challenging due to a lack of reliable data and their unusual life history. In this document we suggest several alternatives for calculating ABC and OFL using the NPFMC’s tier system. Tier 5 requires reliable estimates of biomass and natural mortality rate (M). Under Tier 5, OFL is calculated as M * biomass, while ABC = 0.75 * M * biomas...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a recently discovered class of approximately 22-nucleotide regulatory RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. We have recently demonstrated that muscle-specific miRNAs miR-1 and miR-133 play an important role in modulating muscle proliferation and differentiation. Here, we investigate the involvement of miRNAs in cardiac hypertrophy. We analyzed the glo...

On the basis of 102 assigned frequencies to in plane vibrations of pyrimidine, pyrimidine-2-d2, pyrimidine-2, 5-d2, pyrimidine-4,6-d2, pyrimidine-2,4,6-d3 and pyrimidine-d4, 35 valance force field constants including 14 principals and 21 interaction force constants are calculated. New assignments are suggested for n<su...

Twin studies indicate that dyscalculia (or mathematical disability) is caused partly by a genetic component, which is yet to be understood at the molecular level. Recently, a coding variant (rs133885) in the myosin-18B gene was shown to be associated with mathematical abilities with a specific effect among children with dyslexia. This association represents one of the most significant genetic a...

We examined a series of selenorhodamines with amide and thioamide functionality at the 5-position of a 9-(2-thienyl) substituent on the selenorhodamine core for their potential as photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy (PDT) in P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expressing cells. These compounds were examined for their photophysical properties (absorption, fluorescence, and ability to generate singlet ox...

Oxazolidinones represent a new class of antituberculosis drugs that exert their function by inhibiting protein synthesis. Here, we compared the activities of three oxazolidinones, linezolid, PNU-100480, and AZD5847, against latent tuberculosis using a simple model employing the streptomycin-starved Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain 18b. The in vitro drug susceptibility results showed that the t...

Peritoneal exudate cells of mice were stimulated with a streptomycin-dependent Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain, 18b. Gamma interferon production by natural killer cells depending on interleukin-12 and interleukin-18 was induced only in the presence of a high dose of streptomycin. This study suggested the requirement of active bacterial metabolism for this host response.

a Division of Acute Care Surgical Services, Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University Health, Richmond, VA, 23298 b University of Durham, Department of Psychology, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK c School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia d Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Cambridge University, Douglas House, 1...