To historians and philosophers, Edinburgh is perhaps best known for being the centre of the Scottish Enlightenment. To its inhabitants, until recently, it was known as 'Auld Reekie', acknowledging its smoky atmosphere. Those of us who take an occupational history have heard the Scots words 'stour', for dust and 'reek', for smoke. Indeed, a friendly wish in Scots is 'Lang may your pipe reek'. We...

Correction for 'Elastic strain effects on catalysis of a PdCuSi metallic glass thin film' by Yiyi Yang et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2015, 17, 1746-1754.

pneumococcal autolysins are enzymes involved in cell wall turnover and cellular division physiologically. they have been found to be involved in the pneumococcus pathogenesis. the aim of this study was to identify the autolytic activity of spr1754 as a novel protein of streptococcus pneumoniae . moreover, the binding of the recombinant protein to plasma proteins was also determined. the spr1754...

Abstract Why did British politicians on both sides of the Atlantic propose a confederal rather than incorporating union in 1754? This question has been difficult to answer because most scholars have focused Albany Plan Union outside its imperial context, seeing plan either evidence nascent American nationalism, point divergence between and conceptions empire, or missed moment establish parliame...

Class specific mortality in 17th and 18th Century Vienna shows a cyclical pattern which is related to grain price cycles in the 5-10 years range. This relationship is not stable over time. Applying spectral analysis based on time-varying VARs, it can be shown that at the beginning of the observation period, comovement of grain prices and mortality is considerably high in areas populated by lowe...

Chronic hypoxia (CHox) augments chemoafferent activity in sensory fibers innervating carotid body (CB) chemoreceptor type I cells; however, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that enhanced paracrine signaling via adenosine (Ado) A2b receptors is involved. Dissociated rat CB cultures were exposed for 24 h to normoxia (Nox, 21% O2) or CHox (2% O2) or treated...