OBJECTIVE Cardiorespiratory fitness is known to be cardioprotective and its association with the components of the metabolic syndrome in children is becoming clearer. The aim of the present study was to examine the extent to which cardiorespiratory fitness may offset the weight-related association with mean arterial pressure (MAP) in schoolchildren. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTINGS Sc...

Introduction. Moderate obesity (BMI 30-35 kg/m(2)) affects 25% of the western population. The role of bariatric surgery in this context is currently debated, reserved for patients with comorbidity, as an alternative to conservative medical treatment. We describe our experience in moderately obese patients treated with bariatric surgery. Materials and Methods. Between September 2011 and Septembe...

Zucker obese (fa/fa) and lean (Fa/Fa) rats were fed a soy protein diet ad libitum under barrier conditions from 4 wk of age until death. Obese rats were also pair fed with lean controls to prevent hyperphagia. Time of death was determined and tissues collected at necropsy for histologic examination. Lean rats had longer 10th percentile survivorship (males 966 compared with 667 d, females 983 co...

AIM In our study, we evaluated if CART gene A1475G and DeltaA1457 polymorphisms could be associated with obesity. PATIENTS AND METHODS We recruited 133 Italian trios from among 103 (50 males and 53 females) overweight children (mean age 10.5 years, range 6-14 years; mean BMI 26.1 +/- 3.2 kg/m(2)), and 30 (16 males and 14 females) obese children (mean age 9.0 years, range 6-11 years; mean BMI ...

A spontaneous single-base mutation in the leptin receptor of type 1 diabetes-prone NOD/LtJ mice (designated as Lepr(db-5J)) produced a glycine640valine transversion in the extracellular domain. All mutant mice became obese and hyperinsulinemic at weaning, with 70-80% developing early-onset hyperglycemia. However, these obese diabetic mice continued to gain weight without insulin therapy. Sponta...

The aim of the study was to analyse psychological characteristics and medical parameters in obese and overweight to identify the possible psychosocial consequences of obesity that may occur along with the numerous medical problems associated with excess body weight. Analysis was made on 296 patients (103 males and 193 females, median age 50, range 16-81) divided in three groups, depending on th...

Background: Pulmonary function tests are getting increased favour not only of industrial physiologists but also of practicing physicians. Obesity is a major health concern facing today’s society. This study has looked into a possible role of obesity in the aetiology of mortality, with decreased pulmonary functions resulting in cardiovascular disease. Methods: Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) of ...

BACKGROUND Childhood obesity and associated hypertension are major public health concerns globally. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of obesity and the associated risk of high blood pressure among Nigerian adolescents. METHODS A cross-sectional school-based study of 885 apparently healthy adolescents was performed. Weight, height and blood pressure (BP) were measured using standar...

OBJECTIVE Our center previously reported its experience with pediatric gallbladder disease and cholecystectomies from 1980 to 1996. We aimed to determine the current clinical characteristics and risk factors for symptomatic pediatric gallbladder disease and cholecystectomies and compare these findings with our historical series. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective, cross-sectional study of children, 0...

Objectives. To determine the effect of sex and obesity on vascular function in children and explore potential mechanisms that account for differences in vascular function. Methods. Participants were 61 (30 boys) normal-weight (BMI 25-75% ile for age and sex) and 62 (30 boys) obese (BMI ≥ 95% ile) children of ages 8-18 years. Measurements of large and small artery elastic index (LAEI and SAEI, r...