The research dealt with a description of the descriptions originally used by scholars "Al-Jarh and Al-Ta’deel" (discrediting endorsement) in their criticism conditions narrators who were described this description. "Best” without Addition، when researching conditions، “Best People” is modified narrators، as well reviled according to some imams Jarh Tadheel ، but not others. It indicates rank le...

Non-human narrators, by definition anthropomorphized, fill different functions in literature, and have different effects, not always positive for the species that is utilized, for example to voice a human political concern. However, many animal studies scholars agree that anthropomorphism, while inadequate, may be the best way we have to get to know another species. Animal characters who tell t...

The article analyzes the novel “La Poupée” (“Doll”) by a French writer of Italian origin Jean Galli de Bibiena, which introduced into literature 18th century theme doll mentoring an adult. character combines, on one hand, ideas era about “man-machine”, fascination with “live” automations, other tradition depicting fairy-tale creatures, concentrated in Montfaucon Villar’s book “Count Gabalis”. s...

This study explored Mandarin-speaking children’s ability in maintaining narrative coherence. Thirty Mandarin-speaking fiveyear-olds, 30 nine-year-olds and 30 adults participated. The narrative data were elicited using Frog, where are you? Narrative coherence was assessed in terms of causal networks. The results displayed children’s development in achieving narrative coherence by establishing ca...

This study analyzes the influence that experienced users of university resources might have as narrative sources of information for other students in the process of choosing their schools. Informative videos about the benefits of studying at the university provide a reference model. In these videos, a group of young people present their views and explain their reasons for choosing the universit...


 Hadith scholars have utilised a variety of approaches to determine the status al-jarh wa al-ta‘dil hadith narrator. One these is by analysing style narration he used. As result, occurrence al-tafarrud one types that influences judgement narrator’s al-ta‘dil. However, impact this part does not appear been discussed in contemporary scholarly discussions. Even, presence element sometimes th...

Previous critical readings of Toni Morrison’s novels, especially Paradise, largely emphasise the universal themes explored in her novels, namely, feminism, culture, psychology, and of course, her remarkable presentation of African-Americans in racial and cultural conflicts. Yet, there are major areas that remain unexplored in her works. One of the most conspicuous absences is Morrison’s dominan...

The paper investigates a seeming paradox. Formal theories of meaning standardly assume that sentencesin real communication or in fictionare evaluated relative to utterance contexts. Therefore, such theories lead us to expect that texts in fiction always refer to speakers, which come as part of these utterance contexts. Intuition, on the contrary, tells us that many stories do not create the imp...

BACKGROUND Research on cerebral stroke symptoms using hospital records has reported that women experience more nontraditional symptoms of stroke (eg, mental status change, pain) than men do. This is an important issue because nontraditional symptoms may delay the decision to get medical assistance and increase the difficulty of correct diagnosis. In the present study, we investigate sex differe...

The article reviews the existance of Shi’ite ḥadīth narrator with various levels, in which their report narrated Sunni authoritative literature namely Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī. It attempts to examine chain transmission (sanad) al-Bukhārī classical and contemporary rijāl al-ḥadīth books, such as Ibn Abī Ḥātim (d. 327), Ḥibbān 354), Yūsuf al-Mizzī 742), al-Dhahabī 748), Ḥajar 852), al-Suyūṭī 911), Muḥamm...