Objectives To investigate the self-perceived affective, behavioral, and cognitive reactions associated with communication of speakers with spasmodic dysphonia as a function of employment status. Study Design Prospective cross-sectional investigation. Methods 148 Participants with spasmodic dysphonia (SD) completed an adapted version of the Behavior Assessment Battery (BAB-Voice), a multidim...

Following routine extracapsular cataract and posterior chamber implant surgery, recovery of the blood aqueous barrier (BAB) was quantified by sequential anterior chamber fluorophotometry. This was correlated with surgical details and postoperative findings to ascertain those factors which were related to excessive damage of the BAB immediately after surgery and to failure to recover a normal BA...

Butamben (BAB) is a local anesthetic that can be used in epidural suspensions for long-term selective suppression of dorsal root pain signal transmission and in ointments for the treatment of skin pain. Previously, high-voltage activated N-type calcium channel inhibition has been implicated in the analgesic effect of BAB. In the present study we show that low-voltage activated or T-type calcium...

Gene expression evolution through gene regulatory network (GRN) changes has gained appreciation as a driver of morphological evolution. However, understanding how GRNs evolve is hampered by finding relevant cis-regulatory element (CRE) mutations, and interpreting the protein-DNA interactions they alter. We investigated evolutionary changes in the duplicated Bric-à-brac (Bab) transcription facto...

Bacillus subtilis BAB-1, isolated from cotton rhizosphere soil, is an excellent biocontrol agent for tomato gray mold. The genome of B. subtilis strain BAB-1 was fully sequenced and annotated, genes encoding the antifungal active compound were identified, and multiple sets of regulatory systems were found in the genome.

Treatment with interferon beta (IFN-β) induces the production of binding antibodies (BAbs) and neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). NAbs against IFN-β are associated with a loss of IFN-β bioactivity and decreased clinical efficacy of the drug. The objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence and the prevalence of binding antibodies (BAbs) and neutral...

We answer a question due to A. Myasnikov by proving that all expected ranks occur as the ranks of intersections of finitely generated subgroups of free groups. Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): 20E05 Let F be a free group. Let H and K be nontrivial finitely generated subgroups of F . It is a theorem of Howson [1] that H ∩K has finite rank. H. Neumann proved in [2] that rank(H ∩K)− 1 ≤ ...

MOPC-104E (M104E) idiotype-specific and major histocompatibility complex-restricted T lymphocyte activities were investigated in BALB/c (Igh-1a) and its Igh-1-congenic strains of mice, such as C.AL-20 (Igh-1d), BAB-14 (Igh-1b), and CB-20 (Igh-1b). Idiotype-specific T lymphocytes could be induced in BALB/c and BAB-14 by immunization of viable M104E tumor cells followed by surgical removal and in...