An iron-fortified whey protein concentrate (Fe-WPC) was prepared by addition of ferric chloride to concentrated whey. A large part of the iron in the Fe-WPC existed as complexes with proteins such as β-lactoglobulin. The bioavailability of iron from FeWPC was evaluated using iron-deficient rats, in comparison with heme iron. Rats were separated into a control group and an irondeficiency group. ...

By means of dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), selected tropical wood species, namely Eugenia spp., Artocarpus rigidus, Artocarpus elesticus, Koompassia malaccensis, and Xylopia spp. have been characterized. The woods were treated with sodium meta-periodate to convert them into wood polymer composites (WPC). After two weeks the WPC were chemically treated with phenylhydrazine to conver...

Examination of human fetal pancreatic endocrine cell development can provide further insight in, defining the developmental patterns of endocrine cells and identifying β-cell progenitors. In this study we performed a comprehensive immunohistochemical analysis of human fetal pancreatic sections aged from 7.7 to 38 weeks post conception (wpc), as well as 10 weeks post natal (wpn), and adult secti...

Corn and soyabean micronutrient-fortified-blended foods (FBF) are commonly used for food aid. Sorghum and cowpeas have been suggested as alternative commodities because they are drought tolerant, can be grown in many localities, and are not genetically modified. Change in formulation of blends may improve protein quality, vitamin A and Fe availability of FBF. The primary objective of this study...

BACKGROUND Phosphatidic acid (PA) is a diacyl-glycerophospholipid that acts as a signaling molecule in numerous cellular processes. Recently, PA has been proposed to stimulate skeletal muscle protein accretion, but mechanistic studies are lacking. Furthermore, it is unknown whether co-ingesting PA with other leucine-containing ingredients can enhance intramuscular anabolic signaling mechanisms....

BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health problem, and there is an association between tobacco smoke and TB. Water pipe smoking has become an increasing problem not only in Middle Eastern countries but also globally because users consider it as safer than cigarettes. The presence of high levels of toxic substances in water-pipe smoke may be a predisposing factor that enhances the in...

The aim of present study was to evaluate the effect of adding whey protein concentrate (WPC) as a fat replacer in the rheological properties of yogurt. Whole yogurt and nonfat yogurt with 0 %, 1.5 %, 3.0 % and 4.5 % of WPC were developed and available. The steady and dynamic shear rheological properties were determined using a HAAKE MARS rheometer at 10 °C with a sensor stainless steel double g...

To determine if either herbaceous or woody plants are more competitive with longleaf pine (Pinuspalustris P. Mill.) seedlings, two vegetation management treatments-herbaceous plant control (HPC, No or Yes) and woody plant control (WPC, No or Yes) were applied in newly established longleaf pine plantings in a randomized complete block 2 x 2 factorial design in two studies (a = 0.05). Both studie...

During neonatal life, challenges from breast milk and microbial flora promote immune system maturation. Immunonutrition in these stages may become an important way to increase natural defence systems. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a daily bovine milk whey protein concentrate (WPC) supplement on the intestinal and systemic immune systems in suckling rats. The composition o...

Effects of plasticizer types and whey protein concentrate (WPC) as coatings were evaluated on internal quality shelf life eggs stored for 42 days. Eggs coated with WPC at 8 % solution combined the plasticizers glycerol (GLY), sorbitol (SOR), propylene glycol (PRO). The 20 °C. Weight loss, Haugh Unit (HU), albumen yolk pH, index (YI) weekly from day 0 to After, electron microscopy eggshell struc...