In the context of smart cities, data-driven innovation and digital transformation have received increasing attention from practitioners academics. The data-centric nature city transformations highlights essential role urban data platform (UDP) to manage large heterogeneous sets facilitate interaction among providers users in a ecosystem. To realize value creation through UDP, comprehensive unde...

This paper explores the relationship between mandate of conservation authorities and agenda community development in rural areas provides recommendations on how to improve status quo. The analysis is based qualitative data collected during five interviews with uKhahlamba Drakensberg Park’s (UDP) liaison officers traditional leaders communities surrounding UDP. results reveal disjointed coordina...

Glycyrrhetic acid 3-O-mono-β-d-glucuronide (GAMG), a rare and innovative compound in licorice, exhibits high-potency sweetness improved physiological activities. However, low amounts of GAMG from plants cannot meet the demands growing markets. In this study, an efficient one-pot multienzyme cascade reaction for biosynthesis was constructed using coupled catalysis glycosyltransferase uridine 5′-...

UDP-sugars serve as substrates in the synthesis of cell wall polysaccharides and are themselves generated through sequential interconversion reactions from UDP-Glc (UDP-glucose) as the starting substrate in the cytosol and the Golgi apparatus. For the present study, a soluble enzyme with UDP-Xyl (UDP-xylose) 4-epimerase activity was purified approx. 300-fold from pea (Pisum sativum L.) sprouts ...

In plants, the deoxy sugar l-rhamnose is widely present as rhamnose-containing polymers in cell walls and part of decoration various specialized metabolites. Here, we review current knowledge on distribution rhamnose, highlighting differences between what known dicotyledoneuos compared to commelinid monocotyledoneous (grasses) plants. We discuss biosynthesis transport UDP-rhamnose, well transfe...

The UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) system fulfils a pivotal role in the biotransformation of potentially toxic endogenous and exogenous compounds. Here we report that the activity of UGT in rat liver is stimulated by UDP-xylose. This stimulation was found in native microsomal vesicles as well as in the intact endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, as studied in permeabilized hepatocytes, indic...

Following the finding that UGT2B7 catalyzes the transfer of the glycosyl group from both UDP-glucuronic acid (UDP-GlcA) and UDP-glucose (UDP-Glc) to an endothelin ET(A) receptor antagonist, Compound A [(+)-(5S,6R,7R)-2-isopropylamino-7-[4-methoxy-2-((2R)-3-methoxy-2-methylpropyl)-5-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)cyclopenteno[1,2-b] pyridine 6-carboxylic acid], to form an acyl glucuronide and a gluco...

In both humans and Drosophila melanogaster, UDP-galactose 4'-epimerase (GALE) catalyzes two distinct reactions, interconverting UDP-galactose (UDP-gal) and UDP-glucose (UDP-glc) in the final step of the Leloir pathway of galactose metabolism, and also interconverting UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine (UDP-galNAc) and UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-glcNAc). All four of these UDP-sugars serve as vital subs...

Soybean (Glycine max) membranes co-equilibrating with Golgi vesicles in linear sucrose gradients contained UDP-glucuronate carboxy-lyase and xyloglucan synthase activities. Digitonin solubilized and increased the activity of the membrane-bound UDP-glucuronate carboxy-lyase. UDP-xylose did not inhibit the transport of UDP-glucuronate into the lumen of Golgi vesicles but repressed the decarboxyla...

OBJECTIVE To analyze the effects of exogenously added glucose (Glc), glucosamine (GlcN) and glucosamine sulfate (GS) on the intracellular UDP-hexoses (UDP-Hex), UDP-N-acetylhexosamines (UDP-HexN) and UDP-glucuronic acid (UDP-GlcA) levels in bovine primary chondrocytes. METHODS Chondrocytes were incubated with different concentrations of Glc, GlcN and GS either in high- or low-glucose DMEM for...