نتایج جستجو برای: نسبت 2d به 4d
تعداد نتایج: 782267 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
The status of sexual dimorphism patterns in human and various animal groups including some mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians have been studied, however, despite the fact that a growing number of studies were aimed to describe sexual dimorphism patterns in external morphological features such as the proportion of toes in animals, our knowledge of some basic issues, specially in some animal...
هدف از پژوهش حاضر مقایسه 2d:4d و ارتباط آن با عوامل آمادگی جسمانی در بین دانش آموزان پسر ورزشکار و غیرورزشکار در دو رده سنی ابتدایی (10 تا 12 سال) و متوسطه (13 تا 17 سال) بود. به این منظور 120 دانش آموز (60 نفر ورزشکار و 60 نفر غیرورزشکار) در رده سنی ابتدایی و 200 نفر (100 نفر ورزشکار و 100 نفر غیرورزشکار) در رده سنی متوسطه بهعنوان نمونه آماری انتخاب شدند. از آزمونهای 20 متر شاتل ران برای برآ...
Background: Sex determination from human remains is a challenge for forensic experts. Many studies have shown that the finger length ratios might be characteristic for sexual dimorphism. The aim of this study was to determine sexual dimorphism in finger length ratios among Iranian population. Methods: The study group comprised of a random sample of 100 healthy people without congenital or acqu...
The ratio between the length of the 2nd and 4th digit (2D:4D) is sexually dimorphic, with mean male 2D:4D lower than mean female 2D:4D. It recently was suggested that 2D:4D is negatively correlated with prenatal testosterone and positively correlated with prenatal estrogen. It is argued that high prenatal testosterone and low estrogen (indicated by low 2D:4D) favors the male fetus and low prena...
Finger length ratios are organized during embryonic development of fingers as they exposed to sex steroid hormones, and may show varying degrees of sexual dimorphism between males and females in different animal groups. Among all the finger length ratios calculated in a sample, the ratio between the second to fourth fingers (2D: 4D) is the most important one. In this study, the 2D:4D ratios in ...
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different feed restriction periods on the growth performance as well as the biochemical and fatty acid compositions of fillet in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish with an average initial weight of 64.80±7.41g were used in the study. The trial lasted 60 days and 4 different feeding diets were alternately applied to the fish. The contro...
Whereas direct relationships between 2D:4D and dominance related attitudes or behavior often turn out to be weak, some literature suggests that the relation between 2D:4D and dominance is context-specific. That is, especially in status-challenging situations 2D:4D may be related to dominant behavior and its correlates. Based on this perspective, we interpret inconsistencies in the literature on...
Prenatal testosterone may facilitate musical ability. The ratio of the length of the second and fourth digit (2D:4D) is probably determined in utero and is negatively related to adult testosterone concentrations and sperm numbers per ejaculate. Therefore, 2D:4D may be a marker for prenatal testosterone levels. We tested the association between 2D:4D and musical ability by measuring the ratio in...
A sexually dimorphic characteristic, the second to fourth digit ratio (2D:4D ratio), has been shown to reflect the prenatal concentration of sex steroid hormones and to correlate with many personality, physiological, and life history traits. The correlations are usually stronger for the right than the left hand. Most studies have shown that the 2D:4D ratio does not vary with age or postnatal co...
INTRODUCTION The 2D:4D digit ratio is sexually-dimorphic, probably due to testosterone action through the perinatal period. We characterize the 2D:4D ratio in newborn (NB) infants, in between the pre- and postnatal surges of testosterone, and relate it to the mother's 2D:4D and to testosterone levels in the amniotic fluid (AF). SUBJECTS AND METHODS Testosterone was assayed in samples of mater...
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