The Caenorhabditis elegans sex-determining gene tra-2 promotes female development and expresses 4.7-, 1.9- and 1.8-kb mRNAs. The 4.7-kb mRNA encodes the major feminizing activity of the locus, a predicted membrane receptor that mediates cell-to-cell communication, named TRA-2A. The tra-2 gene was characterized from a close relative, C. briggsae. The Cb-tra-2 gene expresses only a 4.7-kb mRNA an...

We describe a surprising new regulatory relationship between two key genes of the Drosophila sex-determination gene hierarchy, Sex-lethal (Sxl) and transformer (tra). A positive autoregulatory feedback loop for Sxl was known to maintain somatic cell female identity by producing SXL-F protein to continually instruct the target gene transformer (tra) to make its feminizing product, TRA-F. We disc...

conclusions the present study showed that local administration of tra significantly reduces bleeding after prostatectomy surgery and is effective in preventing postoperative hemoglobin decrease. objectives in this study, the effect of local administration of tra on reducing bleeding during prostatectomy surgery was evaluated. methods a total of 186 patients who underwent prostatectomy surgery w...

The Caenorhabditis elegans sex-determining gene tra-2 promotes female development of the XX hermaphrodite soma and germ line. We previously showed that a 4.7-kb tra-2 mRNA, which encodes the membrane protein TRA-2A, provides the primary feminizing activity of the tra-2 locus. This paper focuses on the germ-line activity and regulation of tra-2. First, we characterize a 1.8-kb tra-2 mRNA, which ...

BACKGROUND Transradial approach PCI reduces vascular complications compared with a transfemoral approach (TFA). TRA-PCI failure has been reported in 5-10% of cases. Reported studies showed that age > 75 years, previous CABG, short stature, female sex, and cardiogenic shock were independent predictors of TRA-PCI failure. However, related risk factors and causes of TRA-PCI failure are not well ch...

The introduction of multimedia tra c which is both sensitive to delays and is bandwidth intensive has greatly increased the complexities of bandwidth allocation in computer net works Existing ow and congestion control techniques which were designed to provide best e ort service to mainly data tra c have been shown to be unsuitable in a network where tra c ows with widely di erent service requir...

Satellite communication promises potential methods for providing global communication. In particular, by the development of a Low Earth Orbital (LEO) satellite constellation, both global coverage and broadband communication will be accessible. Problems arise in situations where various tra¢ c types in broadband communication require di¤erent levels of quality of service (QoS). Tra¢ c control is...

In performance analysis and design of communication netword modeling data tra c is important. With introduction of new applications, the characteristics of the data tra c changes. We present a brief review the di erent models of data tra c and how they have evolved. We present results of data tra c analysis and simulated tra c, which demonstrates that the packet train model ts the tra c at sour...

The nematode C. elegans naturally develops as either an XO male or XX hermaphrodite. The sex-determining gene, tra-2, promotes hermaphrodite development in XX animals. This gene encodes a predicted membrane protein, named TRA-2A, which has been proposed to provide the primary feminising activity of the tra-2 locus. Here, we show that transgenic TRA-2A driven from a heat shock promoter can fully...