The reliability of model predictions used in meteorology, agronomy or hydrology is partly linked to an adequate representation of the water and energy balances which are described in so-called SVAT (Soil Vegetation Atmosphere Transfer) models. These models require the specification of many surface properties which can generally be obtained from laboratory or field experiments, using time consum...

Vegetation indices (VIs) are among the oldest tools in remote sensing studies. Although many variations exist, most of them ratio the reflection of light in the red and NIR sections of the spectrum to separate the landscape into water, soil, and vegetation. Theoretical analyses and field studies have shown that VIs are near-linearly related to photosynthetically active radiation absorbed by a p...

Catchments with a small elevation range and relatively long dry periods in high radiation conditions may be described as an array of vertical one-dimensional pathways for water and energy. Such a representation makes it possible for SoilVegetation-Atmosphere Transfer (SVAT) models to simulate mass exchange across the catchment. This note reports on a comparison of a Soil-Vegetation-Atmosphere T...

This talk is about three visual cluster validity methods developed by the authors that can be used for both object and relational data sets. The original method VAT (visual assessment of clustering tendency) works nicely for dissimilarity data up to about n = 5000 objects, but VAT quickly bumps up against storage and resolution limits, and is of limited utility for large data sets. The second m...

این پژوهش با الهام گرفتن از نتایج یک طرح مطالعاتی کاربردی، رویکرد سلسله­‌مراتبی جهت پیگیری فرایند توسعه تأمین‌کنندگان و حمایت تصمیمات موجود در هر مراحل آن ارائه‌ می‌کند. ابتدا، زمینه‌های تأمین نیازمند سپس واجد شرایط هریک زمینه‌ها به کمک تصمیم‌گیری چندشاخصه بهترین-بدترین مشخص می‌گردند. معیارهای شناسایی نیز مرور مطالعات پیشین بهره‌گیری نظرات خبرگان حوزه‌ی خرید استخراج‌شده‌اند. درنهایت، مدل ریاضی ...

215 Pacific Economic Bulletin Volume 25 number 3 © 2010 the australian national university The Government of New Caledonia is considering the adoption of a value added-based employers’ contribution—a so-called social valueadded tax (SVAT)—to pay for its social policy initiatives. This article examines the implications for business costs, inflation, imports, the purchasing power of wage earners,...

A simple soil–vegetation–atmosphere transfer (SVAT) model designed for scaling applications and remote sensing utilization will be presented. The study is part of the Semi-Arid Land Surface Atmosphere (SALSA) program. The model is built with a single-bucket and single-source representation with a bulk surface of mixed vegetation and soil cover and a single soil reservoir. Classical atmospheric ...