To examine the hypothesis that combined treatment with tracheal gas insufflation (TGI) and partial liquid ventilation (PLV) may improve pulmonary outcome relative to either treatment alone in acute lung injury (ALI), saline lavage lung injury was induced in 24 anesthetized, ventilated juvenile rabbits that were then randomly assigned to receive (n = 6/group) 1) conventional mechanical ventilati...

The major pathological consequences of cerebral ischemia are characterized by neurological deficits commonly ascribed to the infarcted tissue and its surrounding region, however, brain areas, as well as peripheral organs, distal from the original injury may manifest as subtle disease sequelae that can increase the risks of co-morbidities complicating the disease symptoms. To evaluate the vulner...

Tracheal gas insufflation (TGI) flushes expired gas from the ventilator circuitry and central airways, augmenting CO2 clearance. Whereas a significant portion of this washout effect may occur distal to the injection orifice, the penetration and mixing behavior of TGI gas has not been studied experimentally. We examined the behavior of 100% oxygen TGI injected at set flow rates of 1-20 l/min int...

Recent studies suggested that sestrin2 is a crucial modulator for the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, sestrin2 may also regulate ribosomal protein S6 (RpS6), a molecule important for protein synthesis, through the effect of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex that is pivotal for longevity. However, the roles of sestrin2 in cerebral ischemia, in which oxidative...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To propose an original experience-based reference framework for the management of the thyroid gland during a total laryngectomy in our institution. The steps were based on 1) the incidence and patterns of thyroid gland invasion (TGI), 2) preoperative and pathologic factors associated with TGI, and 3) the relationship between TGI and oncologic efficacy endpoints after treat...

The discovery of tissue plasminogen activator to treat acute stroke is a success story of research on preventing brain injury following transient cerebral ischemia (TGI). That this discovery depended upon development of embolic animal model reiterates that proper stroke modeling is the key to develop new treatments. In contrast to TGI, despite extensive research, prevention or treatment of brai...

Mistry states that “One of the key forms of bias when using covariates that are time-dependent, which TTG and in fact any model-derived metrics are, is time-dependent (immortal time) bias.” The authors contend that modelderived TGI metrics are not time-dependent and not subjected to immortal time bias. Time to growth (TTG) and other TGI metrics are estimated based on TGI profiles with a nonline...

Insulin resistance (IR) evaluation is a fundamental goal in clinical Background: and epidemiological research. However, the most widely used methods are difficult to apply to populations with low incomes. The triglyceride-glucose index (TGI) emerges as an alternative to use in daily clinical practice. Therefore the objective of this study was to determine an optimal cutoff point for the TGI in ...

Accurate prediction of tumor growth is critical in modeling the effects of anti-tumor agents. Popular models of tumor growth inhibition (TGI) generally offer empirical description of tumor growth. We propose a lifespan-based tumor growth inhibition (LS TGI) model that describes tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model, on the basis of cellular lifespan T. At the end of the lifespan, cells divide...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to show the effects of the tracheal gas insufflation (TGI) technique on gas exchange using helium-oxygen mixtures during high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV). We hypothesized that a helium-oxygen mixture delivered into the trachea using the TGI technique (0.3 L/min) would enhance gas exchange during HFOV. METHODS Three rabbits were prepared and...