Engagement of CD40 on murine B cells by its ligand CD154 induces the binding of TNFR-associated factors (TRAFs) 1, 2, 3, and 6, followed by the rapid degradation of TRAFs 2 and 3. TRAF degradation occurs in response to signaling by other TNFR superfamily members, and is likely to be a normal regulatory component of signaling by this receptor family. In this study, we found that receptor-induced...

Source traf®c streams as well as aggregated traf®c ¯ows often exhibit long-range-dependent (LRD) properties. In this paper, we study traf®c streams through their counting process representation. We ®rst study the condition for the measured LRD traf®c, as described by the interarrival time and packet size sequences, to be suf®ciently well approximated by a synthesized stream formed by recording ...

The TNF-receptor associated factor (TRAF) domain (TD), also known as the meprin and TRAF-C homology (MATH) domain is a fold of seven anti-parallel p-helices that participates in protein-protein interactions. This fold is broadly represented among eukaryotes, where it is found associated with a discrete set of protein-domains. Virtually all protein families encompassing a TRAF/MATH domain seem t...

The EBV protein, latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), is a functional mimic of the cellular receptor CD40, but signals to B lymphocytes in an amplified and sustained manner compared with CD40. LMP1 contributes to the development of B cell lymphoma in immunosuppressed patients, and may exacerbate flares of certain autoimmune diseases. The cytoplasmic domain of LMP1 binds the signaling adaptor TRAF2...

— Our goal is to design a traf c model for non congested Internet backbone links, which is simple enough to be used in network operation, while being as general as possible. The proposed solution is to model the traf c at the ow level by a Poisson shot-noise process. In our model, a ow is a generic notion that must be able to capture the characteristics of any kind of data stream. We analyze th...

Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease of large arteries that is initiated through the activation of endothelium by proinflammatory mediators. CD40 receptor stimulation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. One of the most important atheroprotective stimuli is the viscous drag (shear stress) generated by the streaming blood acting on the endothelial monolayer. Here, we...

Tumor necrosis factor receptors (TNFR) are single transmembrane-spanning glycoproteins that bind cytokines and trigger multiple signal transduction pathways. Many of these TNFRs rely on interactions with TRAF proteins that bind to the intracellular domain of the receptors. CD40 is a member of the TNFR family that binds to several different TRAF proteins. We have determined the crystal structure...

This paper studies loss performance of optical burst switching (OBS) with assembled burst traf£c input by exploring the characteristics of assembled burst traf£c. We analyze the smoothing effect of assembly algorithms, which changes the statistical properties of packet ¤ows, and £nd that assembly algorithms smooth the short range burstiness in packet traf£c and thus enhance the loss performance...