purpose: to determine the maximum safe dose for intravitreal injection of anti-ctgf (ivac) in rat eyes in order to decrease gene and protein expression of connective tissue growth factor (ctgf) for the treatment of ocular fibrotic disorders. methods: forty-five lister hooded pigmented rats were divided into one of the five groups of 9 rats; 4 out of these 5 groups received different doses of iv...

background and objective: garlic has been known worldwide as a dietary constituent with many pharmacological effects. the present in vitro study was designed to investigate the putative anticancer effect of garlic extract on cancer cells, and if this effect was through apoptosis induction. material and methods:  human colon adenocarcinoma cells ht29 were treated with different doses (1, 5 and 1...

introduction: cisplatin is an anti-cancer drug used in chemotherapy. one of the limiting side effects of cisplatin is decreasing genital gland function, azoospermia and oligospermia. tribulus terrestris (tt) has been used as an aphrodisiac. the present study amid to investigate the protective effect of tt hydroalcoholic extract against cisplatin-induced apoptisis on testis in mice. methods: mal...

objective(s) cigarette and nicotine enhances embryogenesis, fertility, pregnancy loss and ultrastructure alterations of oocyte. this study was performed to determine the effect of daily supplementation of vitamin e on oocytes apoptosis in nicotine-treated mice. materials and methods in this experimental study, 24 nmari adult female mice were randomly allocated into four experimental groups. for...