Three papers in the Journal this month consider issues related to outcomes and treatment in first-episode psychosis. Crossley et al (pp. 434–439) reviewed 15 randomised controlled trials of antipsychotic treatment in first-episode psychosis and found no evidence for differences in discontinuation rates or effect on symptoms between atypical and typical antipsychotics. Clear differences in side-...

— This paper presents the progress and final state of CAIN-21, an extensible and metadata driven multimedia adaptation in the MPEG-21 framework. CAIN-21 facilitates the integration of pluggable multimedia adaptation tools, automatically chooses the chain of adaptations to perform and manages its execution. To drive the adaptation, it uses the description tools and implied ontology established b...

In this paper, we present our work on two aspects of multimedia adaptation: knowledge-based single media adaptation and semantic adaptation of multimedia documents. For the former, we propose support of adaptation by direct hinting in the scope of MPEG-21. For the latter, which is the main part of the presented work, we introduce the description of semantic dependencies between media objects of...

Within an MPEG-21 architecture, the two key concepts are the Digital Item, representing multimedia content, and Users, interacting with this content. MPEG-21 introduced Digital Item Processing to allow content authors to describe suggested processing of their Digital Items. It standardizes ways to insert functionality into a Digital Item, as such, creating a dynamic and interactive multimedia f...

Genetic modification of whole-cell cancer vaccines to augment their efficacies has a history of over two and a half decades. Various genes and gene combinations, targeting different aspects of immune responses have been tested in pursuit of potent adjuvant effects. Here we show that co-expression of two cytokine members of the common cytokine receptor γ-chain family, IL-21 and IL-7, in whole-ce...

Writing Committee: Peter E. Clayton, Royal Manchester Children’s Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom; Walter L. Miller*, University of California, San Francisco, California; Sharon E. Oberfield, Columbia University, New York, New York; E. Martin Ritzén, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Wolfgang G. Sippell*, University Children’s Hospital, Kiel, Germany; Phyllis W. Speiser, New York Uni...