BACKGROUND  Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection causes disease in newborns and transplant recipients. A HCMV vaccine (Towne) protects transplant recipients. METHODS  The genomes of Towne and the nonattenuated Toledo strain were recombined, yielding 4 Towne/Toledo chimera vaccines. Each of 36 HCMV-seronegative men received 1 subcutaneous dose of 10, 100, or 1000 plaque-forming units (PFU) i...

Xanthomonas oryzae (Xo) merupakan patogen penyakit hawar daun bakteri (HDB) yang dapat mengurangi produktivitas padi secara nyata. Petani menanggulangi Xo dengan bakterisida sintetik dan penanaman varietas tahan di lapangan, namun belum sepenuhnya berhasil. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut perlu adanya solusi untuk mengendalikan mencari musuh alami yaitu virus menginfeksi bakteri.Tujuan pene...

In this study we compare the mean annual sunspot numbers for six most recent solar cycles (19 to 24) with number of energetic proton events occurring in those years. Though individual exhibit quite strong correlations, when they are combined into a generic cycle result is very significant (ρ = 0.98). For 21 24 (when spacecraft observations have been regularly available), also investigate variat...

CONTEXT Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the U.S. Highly infectious Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strains are known to be very cytotoxic for an array of human tumor cell types in vitro and in vivo but the effects of these and avirulent NDV strains on pancreatic neoplasms are little known. OBJECTIVE Here, the direct cytolytic effects of the avirulent Hitchner-B1...

Recent outbreaks of bluetongue virus (BTV) serotypes 2 and 8 in many European countries provided an opportunity to investigate the possibility of improving the safety of the modified live vaccines administered mainly in South Africa. Modified live vaccines (MLV) released at a titre of 5 x 104 PFU/mL, raised concerns and prompted the need to determine the minimum titre which will still be pro...

We discovered a thermostable enzyme from the archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus (Pfu), which increases yields of PCR product amplified with Pfu DNA polymerase. A high molecular mass (>250 kDa) complex with PCR-enhancing activity was purified from Pfu extracts. The complex is a multimer of two discrete proteins, P45 and P50, with significant similarity to bacterial dCTP deaminase/dUTPase and DNA flavo...

Pseudouridine (Psi) located at position 55 in tRNA is a nearly universally conserved RNA modification found in all three domains of life. This modification is catalyzed by TruB in bacteria and by Pus4 in eukaryotes, but so far the Psi55 synthase has not been identified in archaea. In this work, we report the ability of two distinct pseudouridine synthases from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyr...

The susceptibility of Aedes triseriatus (Say) (Diptera: Culicidae) to low levels of West Nile virus (family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus, WNV) was determined and compared with that of Culex pipiens L. to assess the likelihood of its participation in an enzootic cycle involving mammals. Ae. triseriatus and Cx. pipiens were exposed to WNV by feeding on baby chickens with WNV serum titers rangin...

Priority follow-up (PFU) is provided to patients with poor mental health and a history of criminal violence or disposition to violence. The PFU status of a patient is categorised as non-PFU, PFU-target, and PFU-subtarget (most dangerous) and regularly reviewed by the treating team using unstructured clinical judgement, which may not be accurate or consistent. Structured professional judgement i...

PURPOSE A non-randomised, open-label, Phase I safety and immunogenicity dose-finding study to assess the safety and immunogenicity of the candidate TB vaccine Modified Vaccinia virus Ankara expressing Antigen 85A (MVA85A) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in healthy adult volunteers previously vaccinated with BCG. METHODS Healthy BCG-vaccinated volunteers were vaccinated with either 1×10(...