Eukaryotic mRNA capping enzymes are bifunctional, carrying both RNA triphosphatase (RTPase) and guanylyltransferase (GTase) activities. The Caenorhabditis elegans CEL-1 capping enzyme consists of an N-terminal region with RTPase activity and a C-terminal region that resembles known GTases, However, CEL-1 has not previously been shown to have GTase activity. Cloning of the cel-1 cDNA shows that ...

PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy of a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor in rat bladder cancer chemoprevention, as well as to assess the relevance of inflammation, proliferation and oxidative stress in tumor growth and in its prevention. RESULTS The main findings were: (I) the incidence of carcinoma was: control: 0% (0/8); BBN: 65% (13/20); CEL: 0% (0/8) and BBN + CEL: 12.5% (1/8); ...

Aims. We present an analysis of physical conditions in planetary nebulae (PNe) in terms of collisionally-excited line (CEL) and optical-recombination line (ORL) profiles. We aim to investigate whether line profiles could be used to study the long-standing CEL/ORL abundance-discrepancy problem in nebular astrophysics. Methods. Using 1D photoionization models and their assumed velocity fields, we...

BACKGROUND Recent data from animal models of multiple sclerosis (MS) and from a pilot study indicated a possible beneficial impact of statins on MS. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Safety, tolerability and effects on disease activity of atorvastatin given alone or in combination with interferon-beta (IFN-beta) were assessed in a phase II open-label baseline-to-treatment trial in relapsing-remi...

We compare Temporal Difference Learning (TDL) with Coevolutionary Learning (CEL) on Othello. Apart from using three popular single-criteria performance measures: i) generalization performance or expected utility, ii) average results against a hand-crafted heuristic and iii) result in a head to head match, we compare the algorithms using performance profiles. This multi-criteria performance meas...

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a pleiotropic neuropeptide expressed in the brain, where it may act as a neuromodulator or neurotransmitter contributing to different behavioral processes and stress responses. PACAP is highly expressed in the amygdala, a subcortical brain area involved in both innate and learned fear, suggesting a role for PACAP-mediated signaling i...

Cellulose thin films were chemically modified by in situ sulfation to produce surfaces with anticoagulant characteristics. Two celluloses differing in their degree of polymerization (DP): CEL I (DP 215–240) and CEL II (DP 1300–1400) were tethered to maleic anhydride copolymer (MA) layers and subsequently exposed to SO3·NMe3 solutions at elevated temperature. The impact of the resulting sulfatio...

Bile salt-stimulated carboxyl ester lipase (CEL), also called cholesterol esterase, is one of the major proteins secreted by the pancreas. The physiological role of CEL was originally thought to be its mediation of dietary cholesterol absorption. However, recent studies showed no difference between wild type and CEL knockout mice in the total amount of cholesterol absorbed in a single meal. The...

We have developed a simple one-step method to synthesize novel supramolecular polysaccharide composites from cellulose (CEL), chitosan (CS) and benzo-15-crown 5 (B15C5). Butylmethylimidazolium chloride [BMIm(+)Cl(-)], an ionic liquid (IL), was used as a sole solvent for dissolution and preparation of the composites. Since majority of [BMIm(+)Cl(-)] used was recovered for reuse, the method is re...

The present study investigates the influence of milling on differential compactibility behavior of two crystal habits of celecoxib (CEL) form III. Better compactibility of plate shaped (P-CEL) crystals over acicular (A-CEL) crystals was observed in unmilled samples, and compactability of both the habits were improved by milling. However, significantly different interparticulate bonding strength...