چکیده ندارد.

چکیده ندارد.

Seventy-one patients with achalasia were studied. They were 2-29 years old. Dysphagia to solid food was the main presenting symptom (100 percent). Reliable and persistent manometric findings were absence of normal contraction waves in association with the presence of low amplitudes simultaneous waves in all cases. In vigorous achalasia, weight loss (P=0.001), dysphagia (P=0.012) and LES pressur...

Abstract Background and purpose: To determine the effect of intrasphincteric botulinum toxin injection to treat internal anal sphincter achalasia. Materials and methods: Twenty patients (11 boys, average age 4.95± 2.47 years) with definite diagnosis of internal anal sphincter achalasia received 20 units of botulinum toxin injection in 4 points of the internal anal sphincter (totally 80 unit...