Polyamines mediate acute metabolic effects and cardiac hypertrophy associated with β-adrenoceptor stimulation. They may also modulate β-adrenoceptors, causing functional responses in rat atria and tracheal smooth muscle. The aim of this study was to determine whether polyamines interact with human β(1)- and β(2)-adrenoceptors and the functional consequences of such an interaction. Chinese hamst...

Although the acute actions of short-acting β(2)-adrenoceptor agonists on force production in isolated mammalian skeletal muscle fibers have been the subject of a number of previous studies, those of long-acting β(2)-adrenoceptor agonists have never been investigated. Also, little is known about the cellular signal transduction events mediating their actions. Therefore, the primary aim of this s...

Guidelines for choosing drugs in chronic heart failure In a recent article, Komajda and colleagues (2005) presented data gathered from the Medical Management of Chronic Heart Failure in Europe and its Related Costs (MAHLER) survey in support of the view that adherence to guidelines in treating patients with chronic heart failure is a strong predictor of fewer cardiovascular hospitalizations in ...

The stimulatory effect of the extract of Portulaca oleracea (P. olerace) on β-adrenoceptor of tracheal smooth muscle was examined. To examine β-adrenoceptor stimulatory effect, concentration response curve to isoprenaline was obtained in pre-contracted tracheal smooth muscle in the presence of three concentrations of aqueous-ethanolic extract, propranolol and saline. Values of EC50 (the effecti...

The stimulatory effect of the extract of Portulaca oleracea (P. olerace) on β-adrenoceptor of tracheal smooth muscle was examined. To examine β-adrenoceptor stimulatory effect, concentration response curve to isoprenaline was obtained in pre-contracted tracheal smooth muscle in the presence of three concentrations of aqueous-ethanolic extract, propranolol and saline. Values of EC50 (the effecti...

From the molecular mechanism of antagonist unbinding in the β(1) and β(2) adrenoceptors investigated by steered molecular dynamics, we attempt to provide further possibilities of ligand subtype and subspecies selectivity. We have simulated unbinding of β(1)-selective Esmolol and β(2)-selective ICI-118551 from both receptors to the extracellular environment and found distinct molecular features ...

Nitric oxide (NO) is one of the most important immune molecules in innate immunity of invertebrates, and it can be regulated by norepinephrine in ascidian haemocytes. In the present study, the mutual modulation and underlying mechanism between norepinephrine and NO were explored in haemocytes of the scallop Chlamys farreri. After lipopolysaccharide stimulation, NO production increased to a sign...

Human lung fibroblasts are a potential source of endothelin-1 (ET-1), a pro-fibrotic mediator. The present study explored possible muscarinic and β-adrenergic modulations of ET-1 expression in human lung fibroblasts. MRC-5 human lung fibroblasts were cultured. Expression of prepro-endothelin-1 (ppET-1) mRNA was determined by quantitative real time PCR. [(3)H]-Proline incorporation was determine...

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1. Physiology of Aqueous Humour and Intraocular Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2. Medical Treatment of Glaucoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....

Chronic visceral pain in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) has been difficult to treat effectively partially because its pathophysiology is not fully understood. Recent studies show that norepinephrine (NE) plays an important role in the development of visceral hypersensitivity. In this study, we designed to investigate the role of adrenergic signaling in visceral hypersensitivity in...