In the fetal lung, endogenous transforming growth factor-ß (TGF-ß) inhibits early morphogenesis and blocks hormone-induced type II cell differentiation. We hypothesized that endogenous TGF-ß inhibits type II cell differentiation and that the stimulatory effects of glucocorticoids result in part from suppression of TGF-ß. Epithelial cells were isolated from human fetal lung and cultured under de...

Further investigation of polar constituents in white lupin roots revealed the presence of genistein 7-O-ß-glucoside (la), genistein 4'-0-ß-glucoside (lb), 2'-hydroxygenistein 7-0ß-glucoside (2a) and 2'-hydroxygenistein 4'-0-ß-glucoside (2b) as simple isoflavone gluco­ sides; luteone 7-O-ß-glucoside (3 a), licoisoflavone A 7-O-ß-glucoside (4 a) and licoisoflavone A 4'-0-ß-glucoside (4b) as preny...

Abstract Introduction Sleep disorders constitute a major public health burden yet remain widely undiagnosed and untreated. The prevalence of diagnosed sleep associations with objectively measured sleep-wake dysfunction vary across populations. Here, we examined the self-reported objective architectural correlates four in large sample individuals using consumer technology. Methods Data from 33,4...

Two isomeric partially acetylated galactocerebrosides, ß-D-galactopyranosyl (2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl)and ß-Dgalactopyranosyl (2,4,6-tri-O-acetyl)-1’(3’-O-acetyl)ceramide, were prepared from galactocerebroside and sulfatide, respectively. Their galactofuranosylation produced ß-D-galactofuranosyl-6and ß-D-galactofuranosyl-3-ß-Dgalactopyranosyl-1’ceramide, as demonstrated by 1 H and 13 C NMR spectra as...

ß-catenin is a key component of the Wnt signaling pathway and the abnormal accumulation of ß-catenin is characteristic of various types of cancer. Here we demonstrate that overexpression of Sox4 enhances ß-catenin/TCF activity by increasing the stability of ß-catenin. Sox4 increased the protein level of ß-catenin and its target gene cyclin D1 in a dose-dependent manner. An siRNA experiment for ...

Since its discovery and purification in 1971, DNA polymerase ß (Pol ß) is one of the most well-studied DNA polymerases. Pol ß is a key enzyme in the base excision repair (BER) pathway that functions in gap filling DNA synthesis subsequent to the excision of damaged DNA bases. A major focus of our studies is on the cellular roles of Pol ß. We have shown that germline and tumor-associated variant...

ß-Glucogallin (1 -O-galloyl-ß-D-glucopyranose), 1,6-Di-O-galloyl-ß-D-glucopyranose, Acyltransferase, Gallotannin Biosynthesis, Quercus robur Cell-free extracts from oak (Quercus robur) leaves catalyze the transfer of the galloyl-moiety of ß-glucogallin (1-O-galloyl-ß-D-glucopyranose) specifically to the 6-position of the same compound, yielding 1,6-di-O-galloyl-ß-D-glucopyranose, an intermediat...

ß -carotene is a human nutrient found in plants or animals. It is also can be synthesized chemically. It is lipid-soluble, and is yellow, orange or red in color. ß-Carotene can be cleaved into vitamin A in vivo. The most abundant form of ß-carotene in human serum is trans isomer; cis isomers such as 9-cis ß-carotene, 13-cis ß-carotene, and 15-cis ß-carotene are only present in trace amounts. ß-...

.............................................................................6 ORIGINAL PAPERS....................................................................7 ABBREVIATIONS.....................................................................8 INTRODUCTION.......................................................................9 The structure of a pancreatic islet................................

Although many endo-ß-1,4-glucanases have been isolated in invertebrates, their cellulolytic systems are not fully understood. In particular, gastropod feeding on seaweed is considered an excellent model system for production of bioethanol and renewable bioenergy from third-generation feedstocks (microalgae and seaweeds). In this study, enzymes involved in the conversion of cellulose and other p...