8 Lophotidae, or crestfishes, is a family of rare deep-sea teleosts characterised by an enlarged 9 horn-like crest on their forehead. They are poorly represented in the fossil record, by only 10 three described taxa. One specimen attributed to Lophotidae has been described from the 11 pelagic fauna of the middle-late Eocene Zagros Basin, Iran. Originally considered as a 12 specimen of the fossi...

Evidence for bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection was detected in 2009-2010 while investigating a pneumonia die-off in Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis, canadensis), and sympatric mountain goats (Oreamnos americanum) in adjacent mountain ranges in Elko County, Nevada. Seroprevalence to BVDV-1 was 81% (N = 32) in the bighorns and 100% (N = 3) in the mountain goats. Serosurve...

Buoyancy perturbations develop when stably stratified air ascends a mountain barrier. These perturbations often trigger disturbances that propagate away from the mountain as gravity (or buoyancy) waves. Gravity waves triggered by the flow over a mountain are referred to as mountain waves or lee waves. Mountain waves sometimes reveal their presence through dramatic cloud formations, such as smoo...

Drought and mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) outbreaks have affected millions of hectares of high-elevation conifer forests in the Northern Rocky Mountains during the past century. Little research has examined the distinction between mountain pine beetle outbreaks and climatic influence on radial growth in endangered whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.) ecosystems. We...

Mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus) are among the most culturally and economically important large mammal species in Alaska. Due to their low population growth rates and relatively high degree of sensitivity to natural and anthropogenic disturbance, resource management decisions must be carefully evaluated to ensure sustainable populations. In this study we combined data collected from 124 GPS...

OBJECTIVES Prior evidence suggests geographic disparities in the effect of maternal education on child nutritional status between countries, between regions and between urban and rural areas. We postulated its effect would also vary by micro-geographic locations (indicated by mountain areas, plain areas and the edge areas) in a Chinese minority area. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conduc...

The Appalachian region has experienced persistently higher poverty and lower earnings than the rest of the United States. We examine whether lower skill differentials or differences in the returns to those skills lie at the root of the persistent Appalachian wage gap. Using Census data, we decompose the Appalachian wage gap using both mean and full distribution methods. Our findings suggest tha...

BACKGROUND We established a rat model of chronic mountain sickness using acetyl-L-cysteine. Then we studied the effects and mechanisms of acetyl-L-cysteine (Da) in rats with chronic mountain sickness using nuclear magnetic resonance (H1-NMR) metabolomics methods. MATERIAL AND METHODS Using NMR spectroscopy combined with pattern recognition and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant ana...

1. introduction the effect of climate of the earth's surface is the result of interaction of different levels of atmosphere and lithosphere. one of the factors which influences that interaction is the way the system pressure transcends it. in this way, the system pressure changes and can be changed and eventually may become an environmental hazard and geomorphodynamic phenomenon. hazards are an...

In India, Kerala state is known to have relatively high lightning incidence. The nature of spatial and temporal distribution of past incidents, type of thunderclouds which cause lightning, the topography, proximity to a mountain range and sea point to the possibility of the mountain weather aiding in Cb formation. For investigating the role of mountain weather in convective Cb formation a field...