The sequence and exon-intron structure of the human class mu GSTM3 glutathione transferase gene and its orientation with respect to the remainder of the human class mu GSTM gene cluster were determined. The GSTM3 gene is 2847 bp long and is thus considerably shorter than the other class mu genes in the cluster, which range in size from 5325 to 7212 bp. Outside the protein-coding region, the GST...

To understand the entire genetic system in higher plants, we initiated large-scale sequencing of the Arabidopsis thaliana genome. We are taking part in sequencing of the entire bottom arm and portions of the top arm of chromosome 5, and also the top arm of chromosome 3 along the line of the international agreement of the Arabidopsis Genome Initiative [1]. We selected the clones containing DNA m...

Transcription factor GATA-2 is expressed in a complex temporally and tissue-specific pattern within the developing embryo. Loss-of-function studies in the mouse showed that GATA-2 activity is first required during very early hematopoiesis. We subsequently showed that a 271-kbp yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) transgene could fully complement the loss of Gata2 hematopoietic function but that th...

BACKGROUND Peptidoglycan monomer (PGM), which was originally prepared by biosynthesis from culture fluids of penicillin-treated Brevibacterium divaricatum, is an immunostimulator, the activities of which might be improved by addition of zinc (Zn) to the basic molecule. METHODS To test the possible cytotoxic effects of this new analogue, we analyzed the ability of PGM-Zn and PGM to change the ...

A yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) library in Saccharomyces cerevisiae consisting of 30,000 clones with an average insert size of 0.1 megabase pair of human DNA has been generated from primary fibroblast DNA. A YAC vector was modified to enable the recovery of both ends of a human DNA insert in plasmids in Escherichia coli and to confer G418 resistance to mammalian cells. A rapid method for ye...

The stem cell leukemia (SCL) gene encodes a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor with a critical role in the development of both blood and endothelium. Loss-of-function studies have shown that SCL is essential for the formation of hematopoietic stem cells, for subsequent erythroid development and for yolk sac angiogenesis. SCL exhibits a highly conserved pattern of expression from mammal...

Using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and probes located on 12p12.1 to 13.3, we studied the breakpoints of 23 patients who had various hematologic malignant diseases and who had 12p13-balanced translocations (21 patients), inversion (1 patient), or insertion (1 patient). Among them, 14 patients had breakpoints within YAC964c10, which contains the TEL (ETV6 ) gene and in 12 of these wi...

Female NMRI or AKR/J mice were given daily s.c. injections of 5 micrograms diethylstilbestrol (DES) in 0.025 ml olive oil, or of olive oil only, for the first 5 days after birth. At the age of 6 to 7 weeks, both DES-treated females and control females were killed, and the cytotoxic activity of the spleen cells against standard natural killer cell target YAC-1 cells as well as the natural killer...

Two distinct regions of minimal deletion (RMD) have been identified at 6q25-q27 in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (RMD-1), and at 6q21-q23 in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL; RMD-2) by loss of heterozygosity and fluorescence in situ hybridization studies. In this study, 30 overlapping yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs), 1 expressed sequence tag, and 11 novel YAC ends were identified using bidirectio...

A maize cDNA clone was isolated by virtue of its intense hybridization to total maize genomic DNA, indicating homology to highly repetitive sequences. Genomic homologues were identified and subcloned from an adh1-bearing maize yeast artificial chromosome (YAC). Sequencing revealed that the expressed sequence was part of a Ty3-gypsy-type retrotransposon. We discovered and sequenced two complete ...