The role of xyloglucan (XG) in the cell wall of plants and its technological usability depends on several factors, pertaining to molecular structure. Therefore, the goal of this study was to evaluate the nano-structure and self-assembly of XG by atomic force microscopy (AFM). As the model, a non-modified xyloglucan from a tamarind seed (Tamarindus indica L.) was used. Samples were minimally pro...

The biosynthesis of plant cell wall polysaccharides requires the concerted action of nucleotide sugar interconversion enzymes, nucleotide sugar transporters, and glycosyl transferases. How cell wall synthesis in planta is regulated, however, remains unclear. The root epidermal bulger 1 (reb1) mutant in Arabidopsis thaliana is partially deficient in cell wall arabinogalactan-protein (AGP), indic...

Chitosan has become a focus of major interest in recent years due to its excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability and non-toxicity. Although this material has already been extensively investigated in the design of different types of drug delivery systems, it is still little explored for stomach specific drug delivery systems. The objective of the present investigation was to explore the pot...

(1) Duplicates amon (2) Duplicate public journals; Editor: Giovanni Tarantino. Received: April 5, 2015; revised: May 4, 2015; accepted: May 6, 2015. From the Department of Gastroenterology, General, Hospital of Shenyang Military Area (XW, XQ, XG); and Postgraduate College, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (XW), Shenyang, China. Correspondence: Prof Xiaozhong Guo, MD, PhD, and...

6. [This is simply an adapted proof of Theorem 2.4.2.] First observe that, the map φ(g) [for a fixed g ∈ G] is well defined: Hx = Hy iff xy−1 ∈ H iff xg−1gy−1 ∈ H iff (xg−1)(yg(−1)−1 ∈ H iff Hxg−1 = Hyg−1 iff φ(g)(Hx) = φ(g)(Hy). Note also, that since we have equivalencies in all steps above, we also have proved that φ(g) is one-to-one. Also, for a fixed g ∈ G, the map φ(g) : Hx 7→ Hxg is indee...

Voriconazole is a novel antifungal agent with excellent broad spectrum activity commercially available for oral and intravenous administration. The purpose of this study was to prepare ophthalmic formulation of hydroxypropyl beta cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) based voriconazole containing benzalkonium chloride BAK and EDTA with or without viscosity modifiers and study its permeation characteristics th...

It is known that the norm map NG for a finite group G acting on a ring R is surjective if and only if for every elementary abelian subgroup E of G the norm map NE for E is surjective. Equivalently, there exists an element xG ∈ R with NG(xG) = 1 if and only for every elementary abelian subgroup E there exists an element xE ∈ R such that NE(xE) = 1. When the ring R is noncommutative, it is an ope...

The effect of five different mixtures containing xanthan gum (XG), maltodextrin (MD) and arabic (GA) on microencapsulation by spray drying mixed acerola ciriguela juice was investigated in order to preserve its contents ascorbic acid (AA), total phenolic compounds (PC) carotenoids (TC), as well antioxidant activity (AO) under temperatures. All microcapsules produced with the showed effective AA...

We report the automated glycan assembly of oligosaccharide fragments related to the hemicellulose xyloglucan (XG). Iterative addition of monosaccharide and disaccharide building blocks to a solid support provided seven cellulose and xyloglucan fragments including XXGG- and XXXG-type oligosaccharides.