During a tumultuous moment in history with shifts power and politics, international dispute settlement stands at crossroads. In theory, should not institutionalize abuses of power, rely upon monolithic one-size-fits-all model, or be waste resources, which will inevitably generate stakeholder dissatisfaction. Rather, resolution reflect both commitment to the rule law equal treatment that sustain...

Bank China Rural Health Study. The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the authors, and do not necessarily represent the views of the World Bank, its Executive Directors, or the countries they represent.

The paper explains IMF and World Bank lending and conditionality stressing changes in relative bargaining power of different stakeholders over time. It applies public choice theory to explain the interests of the institutions’ member states, its borrowers and staffs as well as private actors attaching their money to the IFIs’ programs. Using panel data for 43 countries between 1987–99 it is sho...

This note was prepared by Laura Rawlings at the Human Development Network, World Bank, and Sheila Murthy and Natalia Winder at the Social Policy and Economic Analysis Unit, UNICEF. The authors would like to thank Iffath Sharif, Qaiser Khan, Cem Mete, Mattias Lundberg and Anush Bezhanyan at the World Bank, and Jeffrey O’Malley, Jennifer Yablonski, Gaspar Fajth, Mariana Stirbu, Roberto Benes, Qim...

This paper constitutes part of a broader research initiative sponsored by The World Bank Group, Office in Brazil, to analyze the economics of cattle ranching and deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the author. They do not necessarily represent the view of The World Bank. The author thanks Sergio Marg...

Papers in the Social Development series are not formal publications of the World Bank. They are published informally and circulated to encourage discussion and comment within the development community. The findings, interpretations, judgments, and conclusions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and should not be attributed to the World Bank, to its affiliated organizations, or to...

This paper has benefited from comments by Jacques Van der Gaag and George Schieber. The authors also gratefully acknowledge financial support from the World Bank and the National Institute of Aging. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of the World Bank, its Executive Directors, or t...

We use the World Bank Investment Climate Surveys data to analyze the employment of both labor and capital in Indian manufacturing. We focus on disparities among states in manufacturing employment patterns, and provide reduced form evidence of their relationship to both (i) institutional constraints, and (ii) productivity. ∗ This chapter summarizes the empirical results from a more detailed pape...