The rising pressure of competition forces the industry to more flexible production. The ability of effective lot-size one and small batch production is becoming an important requisite for success on the todays competitive markets. However, classical manufacturing plants are not suited for the new requirements of todays markets. Decentralized systems helped to save money for cabling of the autom...

Payer-driven competition has been widely advocated as a means of increasing efficiency in health care markets. The 1990s reforms to the UK health service followed this path. We examine whether competition led to better outcomes for patients, as measured by death rates after treatment following heart attacks. Using data that until 1999 was not publicly available in any form on hospital level dea...

This research develops a gravity-based index of public school competition from private schools within local markets. Proponents of educational reform often call for policies to increase competition between schools. A major hurdle for researchers examining this issue is to determine a workable definition of “competition” by which they can measure the degree of competition within local markets. T...

competitiveness is considered as a key criterion for assessing the success of countries, industries and companies. world economic forum defines competitiveness as the set of institutions, policies and factors that determine the level of productivity. moreover, competitiveness can be defined as acquisition more market share, greater profitability and long-term stability and growth of these indic...

In this article, the authors examine the spatial distribution of major retail chains across Canada. Using store location data for 2001 and 2006, the geospatial approach adopted in this study allows for the analysis of retail chains’ store portfolios by the size of the resident population of the ‘markets’ within which they operate. The analysis presented highlights the dominance of chain locatio...

todays, parallel to growing in acceptance of functional products, various additives are used to improve the characteristics of functional food products. the coenzyme q10 is an essential component for energy conversion and production of adenosine triphosphate (atp) in the membranes of all body cells and organelles, especially the inner mitochondrial membrane is found. coenzyme q10 plays a vital ...