One mechanism by which organisms control the shape of growing organs is by regulating the orientation of cell divisions. This occurs in the Drosophila wing under the control of genes previously implicated in regulating cell polarity.

The morphing wing trailing edge is an attractive aviation structure due to its shape-adaptive ability, which can effectively improve the aerodynamic performance of aircraft throughout whole flight. In this paper, a mechanical solution for variable camber (VCTE) based on multi-block rotating rib proposed. Parametric optimizations are conducted achieve smooth and continuous deformation rib. A pro...

Environmental changes may stress organisms and stimulate an adaptive phenotypic response. Effects of inbreeding often interact with the environment and can decrease fitness of inbred individuals exposed to stress more so than that of outbred individuals. Such an interaction may stem from a reduced ability of inbred individuals to respond plastically to environmental stress; however, this hypoth...

Intracellular protein trafficking is a key factor in maintaining epithelial cell adhesion and cell shape. Small monomeric Rab GTPases are key players involved in intracellular membrane transport. Rab11, a subfamily of the Ypt/Rab gene family of ubiquitously expressed GTPases, is associated with recycling endosomes, and acts as a master molecule in regulating vesicular trafficking. Wing epitheli...

Qing-Bin Zhan and Xin-Li Wang (2012) Elliptic Fourier analysis of the wing outline shape of five species of antlion (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae: Myrmeleontini). Zoological Studies 51(3): 399-405. We analyzed interspecific wing outline shape variations of 5 species of antlion: Myrmeleon bore (Tjeder, 1941), M. immanis Walker, 1853, M. fuscus Yang, 1999, Euroleon coreanus Okamoto, 1926, and E. fl...