Abstract In areas where farmland borders protected areas, wildlife may be attracted to crops and cause substantial financial damage for farmers. Elephants, in particular, can destroy a year's harvest single night, also buildings other farm structures. Few studies have examined whether caused by wild elephants increases social inequalities farmer communities. We interviewed settlement leaders su...

One of the more enduring beliefs about decision making is that if we think hard enough, and are rational and objective enough, we can make better choices. This advice works well when our decisions are clearly defined and time is plentiful. But in wilderness settings, our decisions are less clear and time is short, and the standard advice is not only cumbersome but, in some cases, dangerously mi...

The Wilderness Medical Society (WMS) convened an expert panel to develop a set of evidence-based guidelines for the recognition, prevention, and treatment of heat illness. We present a review of the classifications, pathophysiology, and evidence-based guidelines for planning and preventive measures as well as best practice recommendations for both field and hospital-based therapeutic management...

The purpose of the present meta-analysis was to determine effectiveness wilderness therapy in addressing youth delinquency. A systematic review literature conducted using 27 electronic databases and numerous gray sources, surveying published from 1990 2020. search identified 189 potential studies for inclusion, resulting a final study pool 11 contributing 14 effect sizes total sample 1,874 trea...

IntroductionHuman activity in wilderness areas has the potential to affect aquatic ecosystems, including through introduction of microorganisms associated with fecal contamination. We examined microorganism contamination water sources (lake outlets, snowmelt streams) popular Absaroka Beartooth Wilderness United States. Although region is remote, increasing human visitation negatively quality, p...

The aim of this pilot study is to develop academic work regarding the future behavior tourists during and after COVID-19 pandemic, as well determine impact technology wilderness on safe contactless travel. A total 162 respondents from Russia Uzbekistan were selected analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 23 at end 2020. Descriptive statistical indicators calculated, correlations between participant...