This paper examines the broadband connectivity options available in digital cities. It offers an overview of services provided by commercial operators, the public sector and by citizens themselves, arguing that shortcomings in existing fixed broadband and commercial mobile broadband services provide an opportunity for citizens to share their own wireless broadband connections. It explores Wi-Fi...

Human computing promises new capabilities that cannot be easily provided by computing machinery. However, humans are less disciplined than their mechanical counterparts and hence are liable to produce accidental or deliberate mistakes. As we start to develop regimes for identifying and correcting errors in human computation, we find an important model in the computing groups that operated at th...

The goal of exploration through telerobotics is to broaden our understanding of the universe. Towards this goal, the EventScope project at Carnegie Mellon University merges educational software and a telescience / telerobotics mission interface for use within classroom settings to provide more direct connections to new information. Answering scientific questions requires mission interaction on ...

Wireless networks are commonly used by people. Market devices are equipped with the new security standard 802.11i. The standard announced in the middle of 2004 is commonly used to protect WLANs. Currently we can find the information that vulnerabilities were found in that standard. Then a question arises: Are WLANs compromised again? The article describes vulnerabilities which were discovered i...

This paper provides a review of data on the improves. War seems beneficial to the environment only if it keeps people out of large areas. It could be useful to eCects of the civil war on forest areas in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Only a few of these eCects were extend the concept of peace parks to war zones. The idea of an international ‘green force’ to protect biodiversity beneficial, t...

Maps of large-scale biodiversity are urgently needed to guide conservation, and yet complete enumeration of organisms is impractical at present. One indirect approach is to measure richness at higher taxonomic ranks, such as families. The difficulty is how to combine information from different groups on numbers of higher taxa when these taxa may in effect have been defined in different ways, pa...

An important question in genome evolution is whether there exist fragile regions (rearrangement hotspots) where chromosomal rearrangements are happening over and over again. Although nearly all recent studies supported the existence of fragile regions in mammalian genomes, the most comprehensive phylogenomic study of mammals (Ma et al. (2006) Genome Research 16, 1557-1565) raised some doubts ab...

Basic Internet access is considered a human right, however geographical, technological and socio-economic reasons set barriers to universal Internet access. To address this challenge, we have proposed an access method based on message ferrying that enables free delay-tolerant Internet access to all, and developed Connectivity plAn Routing PrOtOcOL (CARPOOL), a reference routing protocol for the...

S ince 2008, the periphery of Europe has been suffering an economic contraction of a magnitude that in several countries is comparable to the US Great Depression. During the early 2000s, the periphery of Europe enjoyed rapid growth in domestic demand, wages, and employment. Much of this bonanza was fueled by large international capital infl ows. Figure 1 displays the current account, nominal ho...

This paper presents a novel region discovery framework geared towards finding scientifically interesting places in spatial datasets. We view region discovery as a clustering problem in which an externally given fitness function has to be maximized. The framework adapts four representative clustering algorithms, exemplifying prototype-based, gridbased, density-based, and agglomerative clustering...