The discovery of double-stranded RNA-mediated gene silencing has rapidly led to its use as a method of choice for blocking a gene, and has turned it into one of the most discussed topics in cell biology. Although still in its infancy, the field of RNA interference has already produced a vast array of results, mainly in Caenorhabditis elegans, but recently also in mammalian systems. Micro-RNAs a...

Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) is considered the most notable medical scientist of his time and perhaps one of the most distinguished of all times in the history of medicine. From Dole in France to Paris, from a student of crystals to "living ferments," and from chemistry to biology and medicine, Pasteur changed the world for the benefit of humanity. The genius of Pasteur dealt with the most pressin...

Next to the scientific revolution itself, the biological revolution is the greatest of all the purely human revolutions thus far. I say "purely human revolutions" because the greatest of all revolutions was that affected by Christianity. But since the latter consisted of Christ entering human history, it was revolution by Divine intervention and therefore belongs in a class by itself. I shall, ...

The strategy described in the present paper offers details about the possibility for Brazil to play a more substantial role in the gene revolution. If successfully applied, the powerful science-based technology currently available in Brazil can contribute to extend the benefits of the gene revolution to the poorest countries, very much like the Green Revolution did in the past, thereby reducing...

background: the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the cognitive impairment and naa/cr and cho/cr ratios in the proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1hmrs), and to assess the importance of 1hmrs in the early diagnosis of cognitive impairment in patients with ischemic white matter lesions (wmls). materials and methods: a total of 45 patients (23males and 22 femal...

On the menu at the Rossmount Inn in Saint Andrews, New Brunswick, on the Atlantic coast of Canada, you may find kelp-wrapped salmon– avocado tartare with sesame cranberry– apple vinaigrette, citrus–soy glaze, cilantro, and chives. It sounds mouthwatering, but this is no ordinary seafood. The farmed seaweed (Saccharina latissima) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) are not only side by side on the...

On December 2, when Venezuelans delivered President Hugo Chávez his first electoral defeat in nine years, most analysts were taken by surprise. According to o⁄cial results, 50.7 percent of voters rejected Chávez’s proposed constitutional reform, which would have expanded executive power, gotten rid of presidential term limits, and paved the way for the construction of a “socialist” economy. It ...

In his book The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, Thomas Kuhn argued that a scientific revolution takes place as the result of an episode of noncumulative changes where one paradigm is replaced in whole or in part. Kuhn observed that the process of a scientific revolution begins with an existing paradigm, during which normal science is performed. Eventually, an increase in anomaly leads to a...