A traditional theory of uncertainty says that beliefs come in degrees. Degrees of belief (“credences”) have real number values between  and , where  conventionally represents certain belief,  represents certain disbelief, and values in between represent degrees of uncertainty. We have elegant, well-understood normative theories for credences: norms for how credences should hang together at ...

in this paper, we deal with fuzzy random variables for inputs andoutputs in data envelopment analysis (dea). these variables are considered as fuzzyrandom flat lr numbers with known distribution. the problem is to find a method forconverting the imprecise chance-constrained dea model into a crisp one. this can bedone by first, defuzzification of imprecise probability by constructing a suitablem...

Standard data envelopment analysis (DEA) supposes that measure status from point of view input or output is known. Nevertheless, in some situations, determining the status of a performance measure is not easy. Measures with unknown status of input /output are called flexible measures. Moreover, traditional DEA models do not deal with imprecise data and assume that all input and output are exact...

As organizations struggle with vast amounts of data, outsourcing sensitive data to third parties becomes a necessity. To protect the data, various cryptographic techniques are used in outsourced database systems to ensure data privacy, while allowing efficient querying. Recent attacks on such systems (e.g., [37, 30]) demonstrate that outsourced database systems must trade-off efficiency and pri...

Abstract The augmented randomized complete block design (ARCBD) is widely used in plant breeding programs to screen numerous new treatments. error variance estimated based on the replicated control treatments run over a and test that are administrated each once extended units of blocks. However, one or more observations corresponding may be missed experiments, making difficulties, e.g., biased ...

Evidential-EM (E2M) algorithm is an effective approach for computing maximum likelihood estimations under finite mixture models, especially when there is uncertain information about data. In this paper we present an extension of the E2M method in a particular case of incomplete data, where the loss of information is due to both mixture models and censored observations. The prior uncertain infor...

An accurate prediction of pipes failure rate plays a substantial role in the management Water Distribution Networks (WDNs). In this study, field study was conducted to register break and relevant causes WDN Yazd City, Iran. way, 851 water were incepted localized by Global Positioning System (GPS) apparatus. Then, 1033 cases reported eight zones understudy during March-December 2014. Pipes (BRP)...