Abstract In the study of discrete dynamical systems, we typically start with a function from space into itself, and ask questions about properties sequences iterates function. this paper reverse direction study. particular, restricting to complex plane, sequence numbers functions (if any) for which is an orbit under iteration. This gives rise existence uniqueness. We resolve some questions, sho...

dynamic business environment enforces organizations to constantly update and reform their own strategic expectations. changing the embedded business rules in information systems is vital to fulfill strategic expectation. determining appropriate position to change business rule in information systems is regarded as a time-consuming and complex activity. therefore, it is necessary to identify and...

This paper analyzes the return sensitivities of real estate value and growth stocks to changes in five different interest rate proxies. Using a global sample 352 listed companies from 12 countries as test object, we find that are more sensitive than short-term rate. finding is consistent with theory investors shorter investment horizons trade off high initial yield against lower-risk rates. In ...

Bus network design is an important problem in public transportation. A main step to this design is determining the number of required terminals and their locations. This is a special type of facility location problem, which is a time-consuming, large scale, combinatorial problem. In a previous attempt by the authors, this problem had been solved by GAMS, based on a branch and bound algorithm. ...

This study aims at determining the critical seismic intensity at which cracks are expected to develop in a concrete arch dam. This intensity is referred to as crack initiation intensity. The crack initiation intensity measure implies that earthquakes with the intensity measure higher than this value are expected to induce cracks in the arch dam. This quantity is an indicator for seismic evaluat...