We investigated the relationship between the diversity of Helicobacter pylori CagA protein and clinical outcome. The cagA gene was sequenced in 115 clinical isolates. The binding affinity of CagA to Src homology 2 domain-containing tyrosine phosphatase (SHP-2) was examined by in vitro infection. Two major CagA subtypes were observed--the East Asian and the Western type. The grades of inflammati...

Educational systems grow from cultural expectations and ideologies. Eastern and Western educational systems are as vastly different as the cultures they spring from and are reflective of the strengths and weaknesses of those cultures. First, strengths and limitations of East Asian education are discussed. Second, strengths and limitations of American education are discussed. Finally, some sugge...

The East Asian summer monsoon controls the climatic regime of an extended region through temperature and precipitation changes. As the East Asian summer monsoon is primarily driven by the northern hemisphere summer insolation, such meteorological variables are expected to significantly change on the orbital timescale, influencing the composition of terrestrial sediments in terms of both mineral...

Weather and climate have a strong influence on tourism and the recreation sector, which is a very important industry. Since tourism is becoming one of the main industries all over the world, it plays an important role in promoting national and local economic development. This paper attempts to show the role of climate in tourism seasonality and tries to study the impacts of climate resources on...

This study evaluates and quantifies the variation in vegetation, plant nutrients, and microclimate across four topographic aspects in an Appalachian watershed (398399430N, 798459280W). The study found that the north and east aspects were 27–50% more productive than the west and southwest aspects. Species groups that showed strong aspect preference included yellow poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera...

This paper investigates the extent to which domestic investment in East Asian countries is financed by domestic, (East Asian) regional and global savings in order to infer the relative importance of regional vs. global capital markets in East Asia. Panel regression results show that regional saving in East Asia plays a much more important role than global saving in financing investment in the r...

Despite recent advances in population genomics, much remains to be elucidated with regard to East Asian population history. The Ainu, a hunter-gatherer population of northern Japan and Sakhalin island of Russia, are thought to be key to elucidating the prehistory of Japan and the peopling of East Asia. Here, we study the genetic relationship of the Ainu with other East Asian and Siberian popula...

At the 7 ASEAN Summit (November 2001) the leaders of the ASEAN countries were presented with the report of the East Asian Vision Group (EAVG). This report laid down a road map for future regional integration efforts across East Asia. Firmly prioritising economic, rather than political, integrative processes, the EAVG report placed a premium on functional co-operation to provide regional peace a...