in order to study different arrangements and weed controls effects on mung bean (vigna radiate l. wilczek) – black cumin (nigella sativa l.) intercropping an experiment was conducted at the research station of faculty of agriculture, ferdowsi university of mashhad, iran, during growing season 2005 – 2006. sixteen treatments comprising combinations of eight sowing patterns [a1: sole black cumin,...

Previous greenhouse studies have demonstrated that photosynthesis in some cultivars of first(GR1) and second-generation (GR2) glyphosate-resistant soybean was reduced by glyphosate. The reduction in photosynthesis that resulted from glyphosate might affect nutrient uptake and lead to lower plant biomass production and ultimately reduced grain yield. Therefore, a field study was conducted to det...

Identifying the most sensitive indicators to changes in fishing pressure is important for accurately detecting impacts. Biomass is thought to be more sensitive than abundance and length, while the wariness of fishes is emerging as a new metric. Periodically harvested closures (PHCs) that involve the opening and closing of an area to fishing are the most common form of fisheries management in th...

The use of depth cameras in precision agriculture is increasing day by day. This type of sensor has been used for the plant structure characterization of several crops. However, the discrimination of small plants, such as weeds, is still a challenge within agricultural fields. Improvements in the new Microsoft Kinect v2 sensor can capture the details of plants. The use of a dual methodology usi...

Zooplankton play an important role in the trophic dynamics of coral reef ecosystems. Detailed vertical and temporal distribution and biomass of zooplankton were evaluated at four heights off the bottom and at six times throughout the diel cycle over a coral reef in the Florida Keys (USA). Zooplankton abundance averaged 4396 +/- 1949 SD individuals m(-3), but temporal and spatial distributions v...

this research was undertaken to determine the comparative phenology of swallow wort (cynanchum acutum) in pistachio orchards and investigate the possibilities of its integrated management as a randomized complete block design with 18 treatments and three replications during 2007. the treatments consisted using paraquat, glyphosate, triclopyr and removine the weed. the results indicated that swa...

Tropical island saprophagous invertebrates have received little attention despite their important role in sustaining soil fertility. Soil biodiversity the agroecosystems of Lesser Antilles is subject to various anthropic and environmental perturbations; therefore, it crucial promote agricultural practices that help preserve it. Here, we investigate effect conversion organic farming sugarcane pr...

Adequate fertility combined with effective weed management is important in maximizing corn (Zea mays L.) grain yield. Corn uptake of nitrogen (N) is dependent upon many factors including weed species and density and the rate and formulation of applied N fertilizer. Understanding interactions among corn, applied N, and weeds is important in developing management strategies. Field studies were co...

Plant species vary in response to atmospheric CO2 concentration due to differences in physiology, morphology, phenology, and symbiotic relationships. These differences make it very difficult to predict how plant communities will respond to elevated CO2. Such information is critical to furthering our understanding of community and ecosystem responses to global climate change. To determine how a ...