Splash is the first stage of a negative phenomenon-soil erosion. The aim of this work was to describe the crown formation quantitatively (as part of the splash erosion) and compare the course of this phenomenon on the thin water film formed on a smooth glass surface and on the surface of saturated soil. The height of the falling water drop was 1.5 m. The observation of the crowns was carried ou...

Atmospheric water vapour interacting with hydrophilic mineral surfaces can produce water films of various thicknesses and structures. In this work we show that mineral particle size controls water loadings achieved by water vapour deposition on 21 contrasting mineral samples exposed to atmospheres of up to ~16 Torr water (70% relative humidity at 25 °C). Submicrometer-sized particles hosted up ...

To evaluate the significance of thin-film composite membrane surface morphology on water productivity, flat-sheet experiments were conducted with silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, and cerium dioxide nanoparticles. The polyamide thin-film active layer exhibited a valley and ridge morphology that was directly related to the surface roughness, and was found to contribute to particle accumulation ...

A nano-thick solid-like water film on solid surfaces plays an important role in various fields, including biology, materials science, atmospheric chemistry, catalysis and astrophysics. Visualising the water nanofilm has been a challenge due to its dynamic nature and nanoscale thickness. Here we report an ion diffusion method to address this problem using a membrane formed with a BSA-Na2CO3 (BSA...

fatty acid modified cellulose nanofibers (mcnfs) and tbhq antioxidant were added to poly(lactic acid) (pla) film. the combined effects of the mcnfs and tbhq on the morphological, thermal, mechanical and barrier properties of pla film were analyzed. the morphology of fracture surfaces evaluated by field emission scanning electron microscopy (fe-sem). xrd results showed that the crystallinity of ...

We present the results from a small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) study of lateral drying in thin films. The films, initially 10 μm thick, are cast by dip-coating a mica sheet in an aqueous silica dispersion (particle radius 8 nm, volume fraction ϕ(s) = 0.14). During evaporation, a drying front sweeps across the film. An X-ray beam is focused on a selected spot of the film, and SAXS patterns ar...

Experimental data was generated by performing the experiment on a plate heat exchanger for water/water system, at different flow rate and different hot water inlet temperature, at steady state conditions. Overall heat transfer coefficient (U) is determined for the performance evaluation of plate heat exchanger. The thermal properties of water (thermal Conductivity, Specific heat and density) at...

The growth of water on thin SiO2 films on Si wafers at vapor pressures between 1.5 and 4 Torr and temperatures between -10 and 21 degrees C has been studied in situ using Kelvin probe microscopy and X-ray photoemission and absorption spectroscopies. From 0 to 75% relative humidity (RH), water adsorbs forming a uniform film 4-5 layers thick. The surface potential increases in that RH range by ab...

Lubricants ordinarily operate by keeping two sliding surfaces separated. The efficiency of a lubricant may be expressed by equations of hydrodynamics where the mechanical properties of the films of lubricants are adequately defined by the properties of bulk lubricant. In the case of water lubrication of black rubber at slow speeds and low pressures the lubricating ability of water is shown to b...

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water-splitting is a promising approach for economical and environmentally friendly hydrogen production. We report here the preparation of nanocrystalline TiO2 films by aerosol deposition (AD) and their performance as photoelectrodes for PEC water splitting. The AD deposited films, 0.5 to 4 mm in thickness, were analyzed to establish the dependence of water splitting ...