normal 0 false false false en-us x-none ar-sa microsoftinternetexplorer4 background: antimicrobial agents have been used as a chemotherapeutic agent to improve oral health. this in vitro study was carried out to determine the antimicrobial activity of ten iranian-made toothpastes against commonly found bacteria in the oral cavity. methods: the microorganisms used in this study were streptococcu...

Viable Legionella spp. in environmental water samples were characterized phylogenetically by a clone library analysis combining the use of ethidium monoazide and quantitative PCR. To examine the diversity of Legionella spp., six cooling tower water samples and three bath water samples were collected and analyzed. A total of 617 clones were analyzed for their 16S rRNA gene sequences and classifi...

OBJECTIVE The study was aimed at determining whether Legionella pneumophila bacteria can be found in thermal saline waters used in balneotherapy. METHODS Water samples were collected from three thermal saline baths, supplied by thermal saline waters (type Cl - Na). The total number of bacteria was determined in the direct microscopic count under a fluorescence microscope The numbers of bacter...

Electrical and permeability features of the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) and the cortical collecting tubule (CCT) were examined using the technique in which isolated segments of rabbit tubules were perfused in vitro. When rabbits were given a regular diet and tubules were perfused and bathed in artificial solutions simulating plasma ultrafiltrate, the potential difference (PD) was +3.7 plus o...

Unidirectional calcium flux (JCa) in the superficial pars recta and thin descending limb of Henle (DLH) was examined by the isolated tubule microperfusion technic using 45Ca as the isotopic tracer. In the pars recta sequential measurements of lumen-to-bath flux (JlbCa) and bath-to-lumen flux (JblCa) revealed: JlbCa 22.4 +/- 4.18, JblCa 7.97 +/- 1.95, and calculated net efflux of calcium (JnetCa...

Sexual offences are under-reported and ascertaining accurate offence numbers is difficult. Any methods which could increase the ability to obtain biological evidence or reduce the additional distress associated with reporting a sexual offence may result in an increase in reporting this crime type. The Evidence Recovery System (ERS) is designed to collect trace evidence, including hairs, fibres ...

Simple physical mechanisms are behind the flow of energy in all forms of life. Energy comes to living systems through electrons occupying high-energy states, either from food (respiratory chains) or from light (photosynthesis). This energy is transformed into the cross-membrane proton-motive force that eventually drives all biochemistry of the cell. Life's ability to transfer electrons over lar...

This protocol describes mosquito rearing in the insectary. The insectary rooms are maintained at 28 degrees C and approximately 80% humidity, with a 12 hr. day/night cycle. For this procedure, you'll need mosquito cages, 10% sterile sucrose solution, paper towels, beaker, whatman filter paper, glass feeders, human blood and serum, water bath, parafilm, distilled water, clean plastic trays, mosq...

UNLABELLED One of the goals of a Newborn Hearing Screening Program (NHSP) is to have a low retesting rate. AIM To investigate the association between the retesting rate and the bath of newborn babies. STUDY DESIGN cross-sectional contemporary cohort. MATERIALS AND METHODS Transient otoacoustic emissions (TOE) results have been compared to the information received from the nurse's aide who...