The water balance calculation and water quality are very important matters in the groundwater management. The water balance includes two parameters: input and output parameters. The input parameter is consisted from surface recharge (precipitation, irrigation return water, surfaces runoff recharge) and underground inflow (flow from adjacent aquifers). The underground inflow is an important fact...

Protein unfolding occurs when the balance of forces between the protein's interaction with itself and the protein's interaction with its environment is disrupted. The disruption of this balance of forces may be as simple as a perturbance of the normal water structure around the protein. A decrease in the normal water-water interaction will result in an increase in the relative interaction of wa...

It has long been viewed that the maintenance of osmotic balance in response to high salt intake is a passive process that is mediated largely by increased water consumption to balance the salt load. Two studies in this issue of the JCI challenge this notion and demonstrate that osmotic balance in response to high salt intake involves a complex regulatory process that is influenced by hormone fl...

Estimation of water yield and water balance in a river catchment is critical to the sustainable management of water resources at watershed level in any country. Therefore, in the present study, Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) interfaced with Geographical Information System (GIS) was applied as a tool to predict water balance and water yield of a catchment area in Nigeria. The catchment ar...

This review emphasizes recent developments and controversies related to the uptake, transport and loss of water by trees. Comparisons of the stable isotope composition of soil and xylem water have provided new and sometimes unexpected insights concerning spatial and temporal partitioning of soil water by roots. Passive, hydraulic redistribution of water from moister to drier portions of the soi...

Quantification of the changes of water balance components is significant for water resource assessment and management. This paper employed the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model to estimate the water balance in a mountainous watershed in northwest China at different spatial scales over the past half century. The results showed that both Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) and determination...

In this study lake levels of Lake Tana are simulated at daily time step by solving the water balance for all inflow and outflow processes. Since nearly 62% of the Lake Tana basin area is ungauged a regionalisation procedure is applied to estimate lake inflows from ungauged catchments. The procedure combines automated multi-objective calibration of a simple conceptual model and multiple regressi...

During doubly-labelled water (DLW) experiments, blood collection by venous puncture may traumatize animals and consequently affect the animals' behaviour and energy budget. Recent studies have shown that blood-sucking bugs (Triatominae; Heteroptera) can be used instead of conventional needles to obtain blood from animals. In this paper, we validate the bug method in captive nectar-feeding bats,...