In this paper we provide a first step toward simulation-consistent visualization techniques. We focus on wall functions modeling near-wall flow in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) using the law of the wall. By integrating these functions, which are effective only in cells adjacent to solid boundaries, with traditional interpolation schemes used in the interior of the domain, we obtain results...

374 Structure and function studies of plant cell wall polysaccharides Peter Albersheim*t$§, Jinhua An*, Glenn Freshour*+, Melvin S. Fuller*+, Rafael Guillen*ll, Kyung-Sik Ham*t, Michael G. Hahn*$, ling Huang*, Malcolm O’Neill*, Andrew Whitcornbe*, Myron V. Williams*, William S. York*t and Alan Darvill*t$ *Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, 220 Riverbend Road, +Department of Biochemistry, Lif...

background: sickle-cell disease (scd) is an inherited hemoglobin childhood disorder, frequently complicated by pulmonary hypertension and cardiac involvement. cardiovascular events and complications are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in patients with scd. tissue doppler imaging and the myocardial performance index (tei index), are simple indices for the assessment of the cardiac f...

A numerical approach called “SIMPLER” is used to investigate the  flow and heat transfer characteristics in a square driven cavity. The two-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations were solved and the results are depicted as contour plots of stream function, vorticity, and total pressure for Reynolds numbers from 1 to 10000. At the higher values of Reynolds number, an inviscid core re...

The present paper is primarily concerned with modeling complex turbulent wall-bounded flow in spray-painting processes by using a commercial CFD code. Computational results of turbulent channel flow with low Reynolds numbers are compared with DNS data in order to obtain the performance of turbulence models and near wall treatments. The realizable k-ε model with the nonequilibrium wall function ...

Effect of time dependent normal transpiration on the problem of unsteady viscous flow and heat transfer in the vicinity of an axisymmetric stagnation point of an infinite circular cylinder moving simultaneously with time-depended angular and axial velocities and with time-dependent wall temperature or wall heat flux are investigated. The impinging free stream is steady with a strain rate . A re...

background pulmonary artery hypertension is the presentation of various types of cardiovascular and systematic diseases. there are different kinds of noninvasive methods to determine right ventricular function, pulmonary artery pressure, and effect of pulmonary hypertension on right ventricular function. these methods include the tissue doppler imaging (tdi) of the tricuspid annulus and the lon...

We assessed the effects of age related changes in chamber size, wall thickness, and heart rate of left ventricular function in 78 normal children, aged 1 1/2 to 12 1/2 years, using computer analysis of their left ventricular echocardiograms. Left ventricular cavity size and wall thickness increased linearly with age. Left ventricular fractional shortening, percentage of wall thickening, and the...

BACKGROUND Ventricular hypertrophy begins as a physiological adaptation to cardiac overload but progresses to a pathological state. We examined whether the extent of hypertrophy influenced the response to exercise in terms of its effects on regional and global ventricular function and transmural myocardial blood flow distribution. METHODS AND RESULTS Left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy was indu...

Heat transfer affects the performance and phasing of internal combustion engines. Correlations and equilibrium wallfunction models are typically employed in engine simulations to predict heat transfer. However, many studies have shown that significant errors are expected, owing to the failure of fundamental assumptions in deriving equilibrium wall-function models. Non-equilibrium wall models pr...