BACKGROUND A growing body of research has demonstrated that impaired central pain modulation or central sensitization (CS) is a crucial mechanism for the development of persistent pain in chronic whiplash-associated disorders (WAD) and fibromyalgia (FM) patients. Furthermore, there is increasing evidence for cognitive dysfunctions among these patients. In addition, chronic WAD and FM patients o...

This article applies the Wakeby distribution (WAD) with high-order L-moments estimates (LH-ME) to annual extreme rainfall data obtained from 99 gauge stations in Thailand. The objectives of this study investigate obtain appropriate quantile and return levels for several periods, 2, 5, 10, 25 50 years. 95% confidence intervals quantiles determined WAD are derived using bootstrap technique. Isopl...

Chronic whiplash is a debilitating condition characterized by increased sensitivity to painful stimuli, maladaptive illness beliefs, inappropriate attitudes, and movement dysfunctions. Previous work in people with chronic low back pain and chronic fatigue syndrome indicates that pain neurophysiology education is able to improve illness beliefs and attitudes as well as movement performance. This...

OBJECTIVE The purposes of this study were to examine whether any differences in function and health exist between patients with cervical radiculopathy (CR) due to disk disease scheduled for surgery and patients with chronic whiplash-associated disorders (WADs) and to compare measures of patients' physical function with those obtained from healthy volunteers. METHODS This is a cross-sectional ...

Three-dimensional movement analysis was used to evaluate head and neck movement in patients with neck pain and matched controls. The aims were to further develop biomechanical models of head and neck kinematics, to investigate differences between subjects with non-specific neck pain and whiplash associated disorders (WAD), and to evaluate the potential of objective movement analysis as a decisi...

The term "whiplash" commonly refers to symptoms and signs associated with a mechanical event such as a sudden acceleration and deceleration of the neck (due, in the majority of cases, to a road accident), instead of to the mechanism itself. The recent Quebec Classification of Whiplash Associated Disorders (WAD) contributed to define nosographically all the clinical manifestations usually groupe...

Method comparison studies of two different methods for the analysis of weak acid dissociable (WAD) cyanide revealed analytical flaws and/or matrix interference problems with both procedures. EPA "draft" method 1677 using a Perstorp 3202 CN analyzer was compared to Standard Method 4500 CN I. It was discovered that the Perstorp analyzer produced more precise and more accurate results once appropr...

background: the performance and parasitology of semi-intensively managed west african dwarf (wad) lambs were evaluated following exposure to gastrointestinal helminth infected paddock and varied protein-energy feeds. methods: twenty four lambs obtained from the department of animal breeding and genetics and brought to directorate of university farm (dufarm) of federal university of agriculture ...

By complement fixation test 230 blood samples from goats and he goats were examined for presence of antibodies against Brucella ovis. 134 blood samples were from goats (23 of them were from slipping goats) and 96from he goats. The animals come from private farms in the Plovdiv and Pazardzhik regions (Southern Bulgaria). 10.87% of all tested blood samples contain antibodies against Brucella ovis...