This paper explores the concepts of motivation, including extrinsic motivation and intrinsic motivation. It describes how motivation becomes a major concern in the field of instructional design (ID). Furthermore, a motivation model—the ARCS model—is identified and discussed. Finally, it provides an example of how to apply the motivational design process in ID. The aim of this paper is to facili...

In a historical revision of the achievement goal construct, Elliot (2005) recognized that there is little consensus on whether the term "goal" in "achievement goal orientations" (GO) is best represented as an "aim", as an overarching orientation encompassing several "aims", or as a combination of aims and other processes -self-regulation, etc.-. Elliot pointed also that goal theory research pro...

This article applies the motivational interviewing approach to resistance, which is conceptualized as the product of an interaction between the therapist and client rather than a static client characteristic. The underlying principles of motivational interviewing also are discussed, as are the overall therapeutic goals when using this approach. Sources of the resistance between the therapist an...

This article examines the psychological underpinnings of social networks by drawing on regulatory focus theory—an overarching distinction between two basic motivational systems that underlie people's self-regulations, motivated cognitions, and strategic preferences. We propose that regulatory focus influences people's (a) networking strategies and consequent structures, (b) abilities to exploit...

The study aims to explore the influence of languaging on novice English teachers’ motivation and investigate uniqueness each teacher’s reactions motivational activities (MLAs) from an Activity Theory (AT) perspective. Three teachers at secondary schools in South Korea were interviewed using questions based AT framework, they completed six sets MLAs consisting two parts: languaging. Our findings...