This paper presents a detailed scaling analysis of the power supply distribution network voltage drop in DSM technologies. The effects of chip temperature, electromigration and interconnect technology scaling (including resistivity increase of Cu interconnects due to electron surface scattering and finite barrier thickness) are taken into consideration during this analysis. It is shown that the...

Voltage-sensing domains (VSDs) underlie the movement of voltage-gated ion channels, as well as the voltage-sensitive fluorescent responses observed from a common class of genetically encoded voltage indicators (GEVIs). Despite the widespread use and potential utility of these GEVIs, the biophysical underpinnings of the relationship between VSD movement and fluorophore response remain unclear. W...

With the inclusion of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) components into the low-voltage (LV) distribution grid, some measurement data from smart meters are available for the control of the distribution networks with high penetration of photovoltaic (PV). This paper undertakes a central voltage-control strategy for smart LV distribution networks, by using a novel optimal power flow ...

This master thesis describes the design of a reference voltage stabilizer in a 180 nm CMOS process technology. A voltage reference is an analog circuit block that generates a voltage of known magnitude with little dependence on supply or process variations and with a well defined dependence on temperature. The supply variations can be caused by numerous internal and external sources and over a ...

The photodiode sensitivity in the atomic force microscope is calibrated by relating the voltage noise to the thermal fluctuations of the cantilever angle. The method accounts for the ratio of the thermal fluctuations measured in the fundamental vibration mode to the total, and also for the tilt and extended tip of the cantilever. The method is noncontact and is suitable for soft or deformable s...

The conductance of atomic-size contacts has a small, random, voltage dependent component analogous to conductance fluctuations observed in diffusive wires. A new effect is observed in gold contacts, consisting of a marked suppression of these fluctuations when the conductance of the contact is close to integer multiples of the conductance quantum. Using a model based on the Landauer-Büttiker fo...

Voltage control is one of the imperative issues in the smart distribution control system. While traditional distribution network is equipped with communication and monitoring equipment, the online voltage control can be perfectly achieved. With using these smart grid technologies, the distribution voltage control schemes should carry out intelligently and cover the undesirable effect of high pe...

It is shown that the dephasing rate in Coulomb coupled mesoscopic structures is determined by charge relaxation resistances. The charge relaxation resistance together with the capacitance determines the RC-time of the mesoscopic structure and at small frequencies determines the voltage fluctuation spectrum. Self-consistent expressions are presented which give the charge relaxation resistance an...

Measurements of resonant tunneling through a localized impurity state are used to probe fluctuations in the local density of states of heavily doped GaAs. The measured differential conductance is analyzed in terms of correlation functions with respect to voltage. A qualitative picture based on the scaling theory of Thouless is developed to relate the observed fluctuations to the statistics of s...