The viscosity of volcanic melts is a dominant factor in controlling the fluid dynamics magmas and thereby eruption style. It can vary by several orders magnitude, depending on temperature, chemical composition, water content. experimentally accessible temperature range restricted melt crystallization gas exsolution. Therefore, modeling as function content central to physical volcanology. We pre...

The 1963–1967 shallow-to-emergent eruption in Iceland’s Vestmannaeyjar earned a place the history of volcanology by creating island Surtsey while under close observation volcanologist Sigurdur Thorarinsson (Sigurður Þórarinsson Icelandic). This is an example what now called Surtseyan volcanism, and it included explosive effusive phases from multiple vents that formed itself, as well one fully s...

Abstract The Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) sensors onboard satellites are leading in advance to monitor physical changes of volcano edifices such as deformation. A few days temporal resolution imageries provided by Sentinel-1 SAR make it possible volcanoes worldwide near-real-time monitoring. constellation produces a large amount images valuable for monitoring deformation and hazard mitigation...

Mount Sinabung is a Pleistocene-to-Holocene stratovolcano, and its 2010 eruption was the first active activity after having been dormant for long time. Enhanced pressure, intensity, thermal energy of activities hit several geothermal resources triggered Tinggi Raja geofluid in Simalungun. This study aims to identify influences appearance point-transfer movement features Raja. research method bu...

Abstract The physical processes that operate within, and beneath, a volcano control the frequency, duration, location size of volcanic eruptions. Volcanotectonics focuses on such processes, combining techniques, data, ideas from structural geology, tectonics, deformation, volcanology, seismology, petrology, rock fracture mechanics classical physics. A central aim volcanotectonics is to provide ...

Abstract El Teide National Park on the island of Tenerife (Canary Islands) is home to one most spectacular volcanic landscapes in world. Although conservation its geodiversity not a major problem given that it governed by strict Spanish laws geoconservation and is, addition, UNESCO World Heritage site, diffusion geological values among general public more challenge due lack any specific program...

We provide evidence that noble gasses (NGs) trapped in Pele's hairs and tears can be used as a tool to monitor the degassing behaviour of persistently active volcanic systems. investigated 4He, 36Ar, 40Ar abundances 4He/40Ar* 40Ar/36Ar isotopic ratios samples collected March 2015 2016 from Masaya volcano (Nicaragua). The resurgence lava lake December provided opportunity NG variations during sp...

The monitoring of Earth’s and planetary surface elevations at larger finer scales is rapidly progressing through the increasing availability resolution digital elevation models (DEMs). Surface observations are being used across an expanding range fields to study topographical attributes their changes over time, notably in glaciology, hydrology, volcanology, seismology, forestry geomorpho...

In the last decade, video surveillance cameras have experienced a great technological advance, making capturing and processing of digital images videos more reliable in many fields application. Hence, video-camera-based systems appear as one techniques most widely used world for monitoring volcanoes, providing low cost handy tool emergency phases, although large data volumes from continuous acq...

*Correspondence: Marco Neri, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Catania, Osservatorio Etneo, Piazza Roma, 2, 95123 Catania, Italy e-mail: [email protected] The detection and understanding of the movement of magma at very shallow levels remains one of the most fascinating challenges of modern volcanology, because such information allows us to identify and circumscribe...