Ischaemic diabetic retinopathy may be complicated by multiple outgrowths of fibrovascular tissue on to the retinal surface within the most cortical part of the vitreous gel, typically along the major vascular arcades and nasal to the optic disc. Tangential traction, exerted by contraction of the coalescent epiretinal membranes, results in distortion, folding, and detachment of the underlying re...

It has been suggested that myosin II exerts traction forces at the posterior ends and retracting pseudopodia of migrating cells, but there is no direct evidence. Here, using a combination of total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy and force microscopy with a high spatial resolution of approximately 400 nm, we simultaneously recorded GFP-myosin II dynamics and traction forces un...

Interactions between cells and the surrounding matrix are critical to the development and engineering of tissues. We have investigated the role of cell-derived traction forces in the assembly of extracellular matrix using what we believe is a novel assay that allows for simultaneous measurement of traction forces and fibronectin fibril growth at discrete cell-matrix attachment sites. NIH3T3 cel...

OBJECTIVE: To determine frequency of improvement in anatomical alignment of cervical spine with skeletal traction in patients with cervical spine injury. METHODOLOGY: This retrospective observational study was conducted at neurosurgery department, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar. The medical record of all cases from December 2010 to November 2011, in which cervical traction was applied for cerv...

In order to investigate the effect of traction of the vasculature on induction or acceleration of neovascularization, the chorioallantoic membranes (CAMs) of the developing chick embryo were placed under tension with 10-0 nylon sutures and subsequently examined histologically. In the initial phase of the study, CAMs from 6- to 8-day-old chick embryos were placed under traction and sampled seria...

The most distinct advantage of electric vehicle is in its quick and precise torque generation. We propose two novel traction control techniques of electric vehicle, i.e., the model following control and the optimal slip ratio control. Their effectiveness is demonstrated by using the test vehicle "UOT Electric March".

From biofilm and colony formation in bacteria to wound healing and embryonic development in multicellular organisms, groups of living cells must often move collectively. While considerable study has probed the biophysical mechanisms of how eukaryotic cells generate forces during migration, little such study has been devoted to bacteria, in particular with regard to the question of how bacteria ...