we propose a method for medical image denoising using calculus of variations and local variance estimation by shaped windows. this method reduces any additive noise and preserves small patterns and edges of images. a pyramid structure-texture decomposition of images is used to separate noise and texture components based on local variance measures. the experimental results show that the proposed...

Ambiguous visual information often produces unstable visual perception. In four psychophysical experiments, we found that unambiguous tactile information about the direction of rotation of a globe whose three-dimensional structure is ambiguous significantly influences visual perception of the globe. This disambiguation of vision by touch occurs only when the two modalities are stimulated concur...

There is controversy as to the development of columnar structure in primary visual cortex. Various experiments showed the important role of cortex interconnection in developing the columnar structure. We proposed a model of Hebbian development within visual cortex. In this model, the columnar structure originates from symmetry breaking in feedback pathways within an area of cortex, rather than ...

Individuals at five grade levels (kindergarten, Grade 2, Grade 4, Grade 6, and college) made pair-comparison judgments of visual complexity. The influence of the presence or absence of six types of visual structure (double symmetry, vertical symmetry, horizontal symmetry, diagonal symmetry, checkerboard organization, and rotational organization) and of amount of contour were examined. Two gener...

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used while normal human volunteers engaged in simple detection and discrimination tasks, revealing separable modulations of early visual cortex associated with spatial attention and task structure. Both modulations occur even when there is no change in sensory stimulation. The modulation due to spatial attention is present throughout the early vi...

photorefractive keratectomy (prk) is a safe and effective surgical keratorefractive technique which is done with the application of mitomycin-c (mmc) in cases of high myopia to prevent the formation of corneal haze this study was conducted to evaluate 3-year visual acuity and quality outcomes of prk-mmc in high myopia. this before-after study was conducted on 20 individuals (40 eyes) with myopi...

objectives: the visual-motor skill is one of the major factors in the learning process. visual-spatial and visual analysis skills are components of the visual motor skill. any deficiency in visual-motor skills and their components often causes problem in writing and learning processes in children. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of occupational therapy (o.t.) intervention on...

A Geographical Information System (GIS) is used to retrieve and explore the spatial properties of the visual structure inherent in space. The first section of the article aims to gather, compare and contrast existing approaches used to study visual space and found in disciplines such as landscape architecture, urbanism, geography and landscape archaeology. The concept of a visualscape is introd...

The primary advantage of visual programming languages is that they directly represent the structure of algorithms and data, thereby enhancing the programmer's ability to build and comprehend programs. If the programming domain consists of physical objects with observable behaviour, such as a robot and its environment , then incorporating the obvious visual representations of these objects direc...