Though popular in the geophysical modeling community, specification of spatially distributed parameters at a scale commensurate with prevailing geological heterogeneity has not been possible in common groundwater modeling practice. The principal reasons for this are (1) the high computational burden of obtaining derivatives necessary for parameter estimation, (2) the memory required to store th...

In general Pakistan is an agricultural country, most of its area including lower Indus basin (LIB) lies in arid and semi-arid zones, where irrigation by canal water and groundwater is only option. Due to continuous seepage from canal irrigation network and infiltration from irrigated lands; without adequate provision of natural and artificial drainage and its appropriate outlet, water-logging a...

A three-dimensional model for predicting redox controlled, multi-species reactive transport processes in groundwater systems is presented. The model equations were fully integrated within a MODFLOW-family reactive transport code, RT3D. The model can simulate organic compound biodegradation coupled to different terminal electron acceptor processes. A computational approach, which uses the spatia...

introduction: groundwater is the largest resource of water supplement and shortages of surface water supplies in drought conditions that requires an increase in groundwater discharge. groundwater flow dependson the subsurface properties such as hydraulic gradient (water table gradient or head loss in artesian condition) and hydrodynamic coefficients. the flow treatment is analyzed with an accur...