Cell-to-cell transmission of HIV has been proposed as a mechanism contributing to virus escape to the action of antiretrovirals and a mode of HIV persistence during antiretroviral therapy. Here, cocultures of infected HIV-1 cells with primary CD4(+) T cells or lymphoid cells were used to evaluate virus transmission and the effect of known antiretrovirals. Transfer of HIV antigen from infected t...

Abstract Background Thalassemia patients that are conventionally treated by a regular transfusion regimen are exposed to blood born viral infections.The aim of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) , and human Immunodeficiency virus(HIV) among all multitransfused thalassemia patients in west north of Iran. Material and methods A...

Hepadnaviruses (hepatitis B viruses) cause transient and chronic infections of the liver. Transient infections run a course of several months, and chronic infections are often lifelong. Chronic infections can lead to liver failure with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The replication strategy of these viruses has been described in great detail, but virus-host interactions leading to acut...

The simultaneous inoculation of influenza A and B strains into eggs was found to result in the formation of virus which had antigenic properties of both parent strains. The hemagglutinin of the new virus could be inhibited by both A and B antisera and the agent was also neutralized by both sera. This X particle displayed the characteristics of what we have previously called X(1). It did not rep...

conclusions being a barber alone is not a potential risk factor for hbv infection, while hcv infection is still an occupational health hazards for barbers. we suggest more extensive case-control studies with regard to rates of hepatitis b and c markers among barbers in other iranian cities to assess the incidence of hepatitis b and c infections among this population. background hepatitis b viru...

introduction : the decreased level of immunity in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infected patients increases their vulnerability to various opportunistic fungal infections. oral candidiasis has been found to be the most common fungal infection among hiv infected patients. the present study was conducted to evaluate the spectrum of various opportunistic fungal infections and their correlatio...

This article describes several approaches to a selective therapy of virus infections: (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (BVDU [brivudin]) for the therapy of herpes simplex virus type 1 and varicella-zoster virus infections: (S)-9-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)cytosine (HPMPC [cidofovir]) for the therapy of various DNA virus (i.e., herpesvirus, adenovirus, papillomavirus, polyomavirus,...

introduction: blood derived products have been known as an effective treatment for many years. however, this treatment is not without risk of infections transmission including hepatitis b virus (hbv) and hepatitis c virus (hcv) and human immune-deficiency virus (hiv) in people who received the blood. nevertheless, due to a high risk of blood born diseases through blood transfusion, screening fo...